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Entomological
MYLOTHRITES PLUTO.
(Fossil butterfly)
k .
VOLUME IX, 1898
EDITOR :
HENRY SKINNER, M. D. PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Associate Editor.
ADVISORY COMMITTEE :
EZRA T. CRESSON. CHARLES A. BLAKE. CHARI.KS LIEBECK.
PHILIP LAURENT. WILLIAM J. Fox. CHARLES \V. JOHNSON.
PHILADELPHIA :
ENTOMOLOGICAL ROOMS OF
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES,
LOGAN SQUARE.
1898.
INDEX TO VOLUME [IX.
THE GENERAL SUBJECT.
American Entom. Society, 31, 53, 79, 157, 184, 202, 262.
Bible, Insects mentioned in the 224
Chestnut trees and Balaninus . 126
Doings of Societies 31, 53, 79, 101, 126, 183, 157, 207, 229, 262.
Early Entomological Publica- tions in the U. S 48
Economic Entomologists, As- sociation of 220
Economic Entomology 69, 91, 119,
200, 220, 255.
Editorials 26, 45, 68, 90, 118, 149,
173, 199, 218, 254. Entomological Collections of U.
S. National Museum . . .73 Entomological Literature 28, 49, 74,
98, 121, 152, 176, 203, 226, 257.
Entomological Section, A. N.
S. 31, 54, 126, 183, 202, 231. Feldman Collecting Social 31, 55,
79, 102, 127, 157, 229, 262.
Grafting insects 152
Herbarium pest, A .... 15 Horn, G. H., Resolutions on
death of 27, 32, 53
Insect-catching plant .... 169 Lady's ear, Beetle removed
from a 151
Letters to the NEWS 25, 48, 96, 97 Loaning specimens .... 90 Mailing insects, On. . . 218, 254 Measurements, Entom. . . .117 Mexico, Collecting in the Tierra
Caliente 146
Montana, Insects of .... 18 Mt. Washington, Insects of . 251 Newark Entomological Society
80, 104, 128, 159, 231, 263. Newspaper Entomology 175, 202,
224, 225.
Notes and News 27, 47, 72, 96, 120,
150, 174, 201, 224, 256. Obituary :
Behrens, J ....... 128
Candeze, E ...... 208
Grey, W ....... 32
Horn, G. H ...... i
Kellicott, D. S. . . 128, 160 Lintner, J. A ...... 129
Patterson, J. P ..... 104
Taschenberg, E. L. . . .80
Osage orange injured by wood borers ........ 33
Packing of insects ..... 149
Peach tree pest, An important 255 Petroleum as an insecticide . 200 Physiological species .... 6
Quarantine against injurious in- sects ....... 91, 119
Specimens of Natural History
in the foreign mails ... 45 Utah revisited, etc ..... 18
War, Effect of on Entomology. 173 Wyoming [Insects of] . . . 18
ARACHNIDA.
A. from Alaska ...... 16
Lycosa vu/piua, Habits of . .131 Phlegmacera bryantii* . . .16 Phyloptid peach tree pest . . 255 Spiders, Names of some com- mon ......... 141
COLEOPTERA.
Alandes singular is . . Aucliotnina cost at inn . .
. .151 . . .151 202 Arizona, C. of ...... 113
Casnonia ludoviciana Cephaloidec, Studies in . Chalcolepidius lartai us * Chlcenius purpuricollis .
80
193 238
157
* After generic or specific names indicates that such are new.
INDEX.
Cicindela larvae, Habits of . . 207 Coccinellids, Massing of . . .117 Colorado desert, C. of . 195, 235 Conotrachelus fissunguis . . 263
Cychrns mimus 151
stenostomus . . 103, 262
viduus 175
Cyrtophorus verrncosus . . .176
Dorcascheina spp 33
Drachylis* 193
simulans* . . . .195 Epicauta cinerea monstrosity . 161
Lebia abdominalis 32
Linodendron rugosum ... 47
Longevity of C 158
Microhapla porcata .... 32
Monstrosity, A 161
Obrium rubidum 175
Opcitrinus not us 127
Panagaeus fasciatus .... 262 Phyllopertha horticola . . . 151 Pleocoma behrensii .... 47 J \vractoineiia luctifera . . .158 Recollections of old collecting
grounds . 22, 39, Si, 195, 235 Rio Grande valley, C. of lower 22,
39, 3r.
Sericea spp 117
Sinodiciiin cucujifornie . . .175 Sphceridium scarbceoides . .172
Sponidium* 193
Tenebrionides mauritanica. . 158
Typitium* 193
Xyleborus affinis, Identity of Xy/ophaga abdominalis . .
o 158
COLLEMBOLA.
Gnathocephalus anreo-fascia-
tits '
DIPTERA.
Alaska, Syrphidae from Chaetotaxy, A study in Cynomyia americana * elo>igata * .
216
17 105 105 106
hirta* 1 66
Eriocera, Variation in ... 229 Herinrtia illnccns 57
Hippoboscidae 23 r
House-flies, Habits of . . Lipoctuzta texensis* . . Longurio testaceus Maritime D. of Texas . . Melanostoma glacialis * . . Ospriocerus, Synopsis of
ventralis* . . Pennsylvania, D. new to Rhagoletis ribico/a * Sargus elegans and debilis Syrphidae from Alaska . .
Syrphus bryantii* 17
Tabanus abdominalis and exul 126
maritimus* .... 167
Texas, D. of 167
219 1 68 229 167
17 37 37
208 69
103 17
185
185 1 86
145
65
186
HEMIPTERA.
California, New Coccidae from Kermes cockerel li * ...
nigropunctatus * Lecanium magnoliarum * . Phlepsius five nn. spp. . . Pulvinaria rhois* .... San Jose scale 95
HYMENOPTERA.
Agapostemon subtilior* ... 27 texanus ... 27
Agenia architecta 47
Anastatus pearsalli * .... 24
Andrena maricz 121
prunoruin * . . . .172
rhodura* . . . .171
Augochlora Junneralis . 158, 230
Burrows of H.. . 158, 208, 230
Colletes compacta 158
Crabro salicis 115
Egg parasite 24
Foxia* 187
Foxia pacifica* 187
Hemihalictus* 216
Miscophinus* 187
three nn. spp. iSS, 189 Miscophus from Florida . . .184 Mutillidce of N. Am., Notes
on 14, 56
Perdita wootonce* 215
After generic or specific names indicates that such are new.
INDEX.
in
Philanthus punctatus. ... 26 Sand wasps, Two new genera of 187 Trypoxylon albitarse . . . .127 ' ' politum and neglec-
- turn 261
Wasp, Habits of . 47
LEPIDOPTERA.
African Heterocera, New West i r
Anace melaleuca * 13
Anthocharis genutia . . . .127
Aquatic larvse 55
Argynnis atlantis . . . 230, 263 Arizona, L. of . . . . 57- II2
Callidryas eubule 230
Cannibalism of Centra . . .225 Carphoxera ptelearia . . .15
Caterva catenaria 224
Ceratomia catalpce 262
Colias Ceesonia 173
Cossula magnified 214
Daremma catalpte . . .231, 233 Distribution of Rhopalocera in
New Hampshire 42
Egg stage of moths, Length of 150 Empretia stimulea .... 264 Eudamus lycidas, Food of 89, 174,
225. Florida, L. of . . . 96, 128, 174
Grapta comma 224
ffesperocharis, Two nn. spp. .215
Hypopta anna* 214
Inguroinorpha slossonii . . .213
Insect grafting 152
Larvse on railroad track ... 26 Lasiocainpa medusa * . . . 13 Leucarctia acrea eggs . . . 203 Mamestra laudabilis .... 263
pi eta 120
Nine nn. spp. 240-251
Migrations 117
Missouri, L. of ... 34, 143. 189 .Ycomitiois ridiHifsii and diony-
sius 15 r
Pamphila ethlius 163
hobomok, Food of . 1 74
mctea 174
Paonias astylns 232
Papilio cresphontes . . . .173
Pieris oleracea 254
Plusia formosa 159
Prodenia commelince .... 232 Pseudosphynx tetrio at sea . .27 Pyrameis carye var. muelleri*. 38 Pyrgus tessellata . . .130, 263 Sannina (Sanninoidea) exiti-
osa 79. I!4
Schinia ardfera . . . 232, 264
Setting-block for L 162
Smerinthus astylus, Egg para- site of 24
Sphinges, Missouri . . . .189 Sphingidae, Notes on American. 134
Sphinx luscitiosa 104
Subterranean pupae, To rear . 88
Syneda graphica 174
Syntomoides seminigra* . . 1 1
" • xanthopleura* . n
Syntotnis efulensis* .... 12
" kerri* 12
Tame butterfly, A 224
Taseina nox* 12
Thecla telca 1 74
Theretra arpi* . 135
Vanessa antiopa 121
MYRIOPODA. Polyxenus pugetensis *
. 192
ODONATA.
Agrion, Classification of . . 72
Cannibalism 184
Circulation of blood .... 79
Cordnlia shurtleffi 184
Enallagma cardenium . . .183
" diva gnus 184
First filling of tracheae with air 73
(louiphus spicafits 184
lowan O 7
fsi //tiura t-.vstriaia .... 72
kellicotti* . . 209, 21 1
Maine, O. of . . . . 59, 85, in
Nehalennia posita 127
Ophiogomphus auoinaltis* . . 60 S(iin<i/<><-/ili>rn f/ouyala var. mi- nor* . 87
* After generic or specific names indicates tliat such are new.
IV
INDEX.
ORTHOPTERA.
Neotettix* 138
" rotundafrons* bol-
teri* 139, J4Q
Neotettix bolivari n. nom. . . 139 Schistocerca americana . . . 262 Tenodera sinensis . 144, 170, 263 Tettigiae, Genera of N. Am. . 137
AUTHORS.
Ashmead, W. H. . . . 24, 187
Baker, C. F 65, 121
Banks, N 16, 141
Earner, M. C 224
Barrett, O. W 146
Blandford, W. F. H 3
Britton, W. E 1 73
Bruce, D 152
Calvert, P. P. 7, 28, 45, 49, 73, 74, 87, 98, 121, 152, 1 60, 176, 203, 211, 226, 257.
Casey, T. L 116, 193
Cockerell, T. D. A. 26, 27, 96, 115, 120, 121, 145, 171, 215.
Cook, A. J 117
Coquillett, D. W, 37
Doane, R. W 69
Dodge, G. M 89, 225
Dury, C 202
Dyar, H. G. . . . 163, 213, 214
Ehrhorn, E. M 128, 185
Elrod, M. J 7
Eustis, H, W 88
Fall, H. C 238
Fenyes, A 151
Fischer, E. R 224
Fiske, W. F 42
Fletcher, J 67
Fox, W. J. 14, 49, 80, 103, 128, 159, 202, 208, 230, 261, 263.
Gillette, C. P 169
H..F.J 97
H., W. R 26
Hall, F. J 143
Hancock, J. L 137
Harvey, F. L. . . . 59, 85, 216
Hoeg, C 174
Holland, W. J n
Hopping, R 47
Hough, G. de N. . . . 105, 165
Houghton, C 173
Howard, W. R 97
Jacobs, E 170
Johnson, C. W 17
Johnson, W. G 255
Kellogg, V. L 15
Kincaid, T 192
Kircher, G 264
Klages, E. A 176
Knab, F 219, 256
Kunze, R. E 57, 1 12
Laurent, P 33, 144
Letcher, B 38
Moore, F., Jr 120
Murtfeldt, M. E 72
Newcomb, H. H 121
Pearson, A. W 72
Pilate, G. R 130
Robertson, C 6
Rowley, R. R 34, 189
Sargent, A. B 131
de Saussure, H 145
Schaus, W 96, 134, 215
Schmitz, T. H 32, 56
Schwarz, H 162
Skinner, H. i, 26, 27, 31, 55, 68, 79, 90, 102, 118, 120, 127, 149, 157, 173, 174, 184, 199, 218, 229, 231, 254, 262.
Slosson, A. T 251
Smith, J. B. 69, 91, 95, 114, 119, 200, 220, 240, 255.
Smith, H. H i.sr
Snyder, A. J 18
Soule, C. G 118, 150
Strecker, H 13
Titus, E. G 203
Townsend, C. H. T 167
Wadsworth, M in
Webster, F. M 48, 160
Weidt, A. J. 26, So, 104. 159, 224. 225, 232, 264.
Welles, C. S 233
Wickham, H. F. 22, 39, 47, 48, Si, 195- 235.
Williamson, E. B 209
Wolcott, A. B 161
* After generic or specific names indicates that such are new
ENT. NEWS, Vol. IX.
PI. I.
DR. GEORGE H. HORN.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. ix. JANUARY, 1898. No. i.
CONTENTS:
Dr. George H. Horn.
Johnson — Notes and descriptions of
Blandford — The identity of Xyleborus new Syrphidae, etc 17
affinis, with some synonymical notes 3 Snyder— Utah revisited, etc )S
Elrod— Iowa Odpnata 7 Wickham — Recollections of old col- Holland — Descriptions of new West Af- led ing grounds 22
rican Heterocera n Ashmead — An egg-parasite, etc 24
Strecker — Lasiocampa medusa 13 Editorial 25
Fox — Notes on the Mutillidae of N. Am. 14 ] Notes and News 27
Kellogg— Carphoxera ptelearia 15 ' Entomological Literature 28
Banks — Arachnida from the Malaspina Doings of Societies 31
Glacier, Alaska 16 ,
Dr. GEORGE H. HORN.
GEORGE HENRY HORN was born in Philadelphia, April the 7th, 1840, and died at Beesley's Point, N. J., November the 24th, 1897. He had an apoplectic stroke in December, 1896, which caused hemiplegia, from which he did not recover, and he was at the sea-shore for the benefit of his health and of this partial paralysis when the end came.
He was a graduate of the Philadelphia High School, from which he received the degrees of A. B. and A. M., and in 1861 received the degree of M. D. from the University of Pennsyl- vania. From 1862 to 1866 he was in the service of the United States, being surgeon in the 2nd Infantry, California Volunteers, Department of the Pacific, serving in California, Arizona and New Mexico, where he collected extensively in entomology. Until within the last few years of his life he practiced medicine, his specialty being obstetrics, in which branch he was an expert, not infrequently being called in consultation in difficult cases. Much of his scientific work was done at night during time stolen from sleep and alter the day's cares and professional engage- ments were over. The days were never long enough, and this close application to work and devotion to science may have been a factor in shortening his life.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
His entomological work was concerned almost exclusively with the Coleoptera, his first paper being entitled " Descriptions of Some New North American Species in the Cabinet of the Ento- mological Society of Philadelphia." published in the "Proceed- ings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,'' in 1860. Seven species new to science were described and figured. In all over one hundred and fifty papers were contributed to the proceedings and transactions of learned societies, his last contri- bution being an important one on the Coleoptera of Baja Cali- fornia, published in the " Proceedings" of the California Academy of Sciences tor 1895.
After the death of Dr. John L. LeConte in 1883, Dr. Horn, who was a worthy successor, was elected President of the Amer- ican Entomological Society and Director of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences. These two offices he held at the time of his death. He was Professor of Ento- mology at the University of Pennsylvania since 1889, but did not teach or lecture there, the position being an honorary one.
Among scientific bodies the following may be mentioned as having conferred special honors on him. He was elected a corre- sponding member of the Boston Society of Natural History in 1893; an honorary member (one of twelve) of the Entomological Society of Belgium; an honorary member (one of ten) of the Entomological Union of Stettin; an honorary member (one of eleven) of the Entomological Society of France, of the Russian Entomological Society, and of the Feldman Collecting Social of Philadelphia. At its commencement in March, 1897, the Western University of Pennsylvania, at Pittsburg, conferred on him the degree of Sc. D. He was a Secretary and Librarian of the American Philosophical Society (Philadelphia) at the time of his death. In 1866 he joined the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, held the office of Corresponding Secretary for fourteen years, and was a member of the Council and of the Finance and Publication Committees for long periods of time.
Dr. Horn was a patient and untiring worker, and his loss will be keenly felt in the institutions in which he served as an officer so long and efficiently. The entomological world has lost a shining light and American Coleopterology its greatest votary. As a systematic coleopterist he probably did not have a superior in the world. His large collection of beetles was considered the
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 3
finest extant in the field he cultivated. It, with his library and five thousand dollars for the care of the former, he willed to the American Entomological Society. The portrait here presented was the one he considered the best, and is the one he wished perpetuated. His memory will always be cherished by those whom he was ever willing to aid by advice and assistance in their scientific studies. An extended biography will appear later in the "Transactions of the American Entomological Society."
-o-
THE IDENTITY OF XYLEBORUS AFFINIS, WITH SOME SYNONYMICAL NOTES.
By W. F. H. BLANDFORD, London, England.
In his admirable paper on "The Ambrosia Beetles of the United States" (U. S. Dept. Agr. Bull. 7 (N. S.), pp. 9-30) Mr. H. G. Hubbard refers to a matter of some economic importance, the doubtful identity of A', affinis Eichh., with the West Indian ' ' sugar-cane borer' ' and its distribution in North America. As this has been a vexed question (see Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash, iii, p. 171), and, as I have been concerned with the identification ot the borer, I desire briefly to reply to Mr. Hubbard' s statements that my determination " made from the females only cannot be reliable," and that "the sugar-cane borer is very probably a distinct and as yet unnamed species, the introduction of which into the United States is greatly to be feared. It cannot be iden- tical with X. affinis, which is common in the Southern States, yet has never been known to attack sugar-cane."
That the "sugar-cane borer" is X. affinis I have not the least reason to doubt. In my original report on it, it was thus identi- fied by the description alone (though that is unmistakable), but the name affinis, in deference to another opinion, was there treated as a synonym of the older X. perforans Woll. (kraatzi Eichh.). In a later " Report on the Destruction of Beer-casks, etc.," London, 1893, which Mr. Hubbard has perhaps over- looked, I pointed out that the range of the typical form of A'. affinis is exclusively neotropical with the exception of Mauritius, and that of A", perforans is chiefly pakeotropical, but that inter- mediate examples were before me from the West Indies and Cevlon; also that the material I had examined included typical
4 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
examples of both sexes of X. affinis labeled by Eichhoff and in the Brussels Museum. (I now possess some by exchange and have seen others of Eichhoff' s own series).
The question at issue has been not the identity of the " cane- borer" with A', affinis, which has been controlled by repeated comparison of the two sexes with Eichhoff 's types, but the iden- tity of that species with A", perforans Woll. Since 1893 the examination of some hundreds of specimens leaves me more strongly than before of opinion that a separate name may well be retained for each form, although one cannot always satisfactorily refer individuals to one or the other.
The published evidence leaves the occurrence of A', affinis in the United States doubtful. In the posthumous paper translated by Mr. Schwarz (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xviii, pp. 605-610, 1896) Eichhoff, writing to Riley in 1892, says: "what X. pubescens Zimm. is, remains for the present unknown to me, since among the specimens which you send me as such I believe I can distin- guish three species, viz., X. affinis Eichh., A", inermis Eichh., and a third one." Now, inasmuch as a series of N. American Scolytids had been sent to Eichhoff, this seems conclusive until it is recollected that in the same year examples of the cane-borer were sent from the West Indies to Riley and identified at Wash- ington with A', pubescens. Were these included in the series forwarded to Eichhoff, and did his recognition of A", affinis refer to them ?
No examples of X. affinis from anywhere north ot Mexico, where it is common, have yet reached me, and a series ot A'. pubescens sent by Prof. A. D. Hopkins are all referable to A'. inermis. Possibly this latter species, which has not been found in Central America, has by some means become regarded as \. affinis, and is the one referred to as such by Mr. Hubbard.
Whatever the cane-borer's name is, the evidence of its distri- bution drawn from existing collections points to its being neo- tropical and having occurred throughout the West Indian islands long before it was noticed to attack canes. I cannot accept the suggestion (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash, iii, p. 171) that it was im- ported in ribbon-cane from Ceylon, because I have never seen its typical form from Ceylon, though I have examined many Scolytids from that island. Nor is any damage to canes recorded therefrom.
l8g8.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 5
A parallel case has occurred in Java, where Xylcborus destruens Blandf. , has taken lately to riddling cacao trees. These have long been cultivated there, and the beetle, a large and well- marked species, can be no new importation, because I possess specimens taken years ago in Java and Gilolo by Wallace.
A diseased condition of the canes, favored by the accumulation of fermenting trash, was probably the cause of the West Indian outbreak, and A', affinis may yet be common in the Southern States without destroying canes, provided that they are not in a condition to invite its attacks.
Much has been made of the difficulty of identifying the females of this Qroup, and they have been said to be indistinguishable. As Eichhoff's work was done on the females alone, either that statement is overdrawn, or he divided and characterized a mass of identical examples. For its size, Xyleborus is really one of the easiest of Scolytid genera, and even this group presents no very great difficulty so far as the identification of the majority of examples is concerned ; most of Eichhoff's species can be made out by the descriptions alone. The real difficulties are those of delimitation, which spring from the existence of indi- viduals bridging over the not very wide gaps between allied forms, and are such as are met with in most large genera of the Animal Kingdom.
The publication of Eichhoff's paper, just referred to, has an- ticipated several of the synonyms of North American Scolytids which I have noted at different times. There are, however, one or two points to be added hereon.
It is known that some of Zimmermann's and LeConte's names (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. , Sept., 1868) clash with others of Eichhoff published in 1868 in the " Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift," and the latter have been regarded as prior both by Eichhoff himself and by Mr. Schwar/. This is incorrect; reference to p. xi, or to the original wrappers of the "Zeitschrift" for 1868 shows that pp. 177-312, which include Eichhoff's descriptions, were not published till March, 1869.
Therefore, the names Hylastes opaciilns Lee. , H. scabripennis Zimm., and Pityof>Iithorus pullus Zimm., should be retained.
The generic names Tomicus Latreille (1807 nee 1802) and Xy- lotfrus Er. (1836) should give place to Ips De Geer (1775) and
6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
Trypodendron Steph. (1830) respectively, with which they are coterminous.
As has been pointed out by Eichhoff, his name Ptcrocyclon, (1868), should replace Monarthrum Kirsch (1866). The latter's diagnosis is absolutely the same as that of Corthylns Er. , in which, too, a species of Ptcrocyclon was included. Erichson, Kirsch and LeConte are alike incorrect in stating the funicle to be one- jointed instead of two-jointed in these insects. Ferrari's sub- genus Cosmocorynus is wrongly characterized by LeConte and has no North American representative.
Hylastes ( Hylurgops) pinifex Fitch, is distinct from the Euro- pean H. decitmanus, differing in the thoracic punctures of two sizes, the more rugose interstices and the longer and stouter bristles of the elytra.
Crypturgus atomus Lee. This has been regarded as identical with C. pusillus Gyll. Specimens received from Prof. A. D. Hopkins appear to be distinct, having the punctuation finer and the ground sculpture different; but a more extensive comparison is desirable.
Tomicus plastographus Lee. = T. integer Eichh. Californian examples sent by Mr. Ricksecker and corresponding with Le- Conte's description conform to Eichhoff 's type.
Tomicus cacographus Lee. = T. grandicollis Eichh.
Xy/oclcptcs concinnus Mann. With Eichhoff, I should refer this to Tomicus, or rather Ips. The structure of the mouth - parts is not that of a Xylocleptes, but of a Tomicus, with which genus its habits associate it.
Pityophthorus I ant us Eichh. Specimens forwarded by Prof. Hopkins under this name do not correspond with Eichhoff 's description. I conjecture them to be P. bisulcatus Eichh. , be- cause they differ from the European P. micrographus L. precisely as P. bisulcatus is stated by Eichhoff to do.
PHYSIOLOGICAL SPECIES. — Does Prof. Cockerell hold that species exist which differ from other species only in physiological characters? If so, why does he not mention a single case and give the evidence ? If -not, win- does he use term physiological species ? To me his article in the Decem- ber NEWS is not very clear. — CHARLES ROBERTSON.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 7
IOWAN ODONATA.
By MORTON J. ELROD, University of Montana.
For several years the writer lias been permitted to spend the month of July in Des Moines, Iowa. At intervals when other duties could be laid aside rambles were taken along the Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers in search of specimens. At this season of the year the water in these rivers is usually clear and shallow. As a consequence many species of fine Unios were secured. Lepidoptera and Odonata were the only insects sought. As no previous record has been made of collections of dragon- flies from this locality, the publication of the following list of 28 species, which by no means represents the Odonate fauna of the State, may be useful, and may serve those students of the State who are working upon this group of insects. Of this list at least 16 have not before been recorded from Iowa, though they are in some cases reported from adjoining States. It is also to be noted that many common forms, e. g. , R. civile, are absent from the list. Other collectors may later report these, or at least some of them, from the State.
It may be appropriate to add that all the species mentioned in the list are in the writer's collection. Specimens reported from Clinton and Sabula were collected by J. S. Faaborg,
[I have taken the liberty to add to Prof. Elrod's notes records of a few species of Odonata collected for me, in 1889, by Miss Alda M. Sharp, of Gladbrook, Iowa, who labeled them " Tama Co., Iowa ' Such additions are enclosed in brackets. — Philip P. Calvert.]
i. Calopteryx maculata Beam.
In July, 1893, this species was quite abundant along a small rivulet a half mile north of Drake University. It was in a wooded, hilly region that had not as yet been much used for pasture. The season was rainy, and every other day I visited the place, securing each time quite a number. In 1894 the season was quite the opposite of that of 1893, and the ravine had dried up. In 1895 I did not visit the place. In 1896 it was overrun with stock, and no macnlata could be found. During the month of July, 1897, I secured a dozen or more at Dunreath, Iowa, some thirty miles from Des Moines.
[One $ June 21, one 9 June 28 "on blackberry bushes in
8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
garden," one 9 June 29 "on currant bushes in garden," Tama Co., la., Miss Sharp.]
2. Hetaerina araericana F*ab.
At the dam of the city waterworks in the Raccoon River and along the river above the dam, among the willows, taken in numbers in July, 1893 and July, 1894. It was fairly abundant. I also saw numbers of this species at Webster City along the Boone River in July, 1896, but as I had no net none were taken.
3. Lestes forcipata Ramb.
I have a dozen-and-a-half specimens taken in July, 1896. They were secured near a small artificial pond; although I have hunted inthese same regions in previous years, I have no speci- mens save those taken at the time mentioned.
4. Lestes unguiculata Hag.
Abundant; I have specimens taken July, 1892, June 29, 1893, Aug. 4, 1896, and July 12, 1897. During the wet season in 1893 I was able to take many specimens at a single sweep, in the grass near artificial ponds.
5. Argia apicalis Say.
This is the only Argia taken in the several years over which these observations were made. A half dozen of these were secured during July of the past season at Des Moines. They were rare along the bank of the Raccoon River, flying among the grass and weeds, quite difficult to take.
6. Anomalagrion hastatum Say.
In July, 1896, I tried the place where L. unguiculata had formerly been taken so abundantly. The pond was drained, though there was a little water, much mud, and a good deal of wire grass. In this grass I found about a dozen specimens of A. hastatum Say. This extends its distribution westward. It has also been taken abundantly at Hloomington, 111.
7. Ischnura verticalis Say.
From Fulton, 111., Sabula and Des Moines, Iowa. It does not seem to be as common as one would suppose.
s. Enallagma ebria Hag.
About a dozen specimens, June 29, 1893. As this species has been recorded from Missouri it is not surprising that it is found in Iowa.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 9
9. Enallagma hageni Walsh. Fairly abundant, some twenty specimens having been taken.
TO. Enallagma fischeri Kell.
Not common, a half dozen being the entire number taken, from Des Moines.
ri. Enallagma signata Hag.
A broken specimen from Clinton, la., taken June, 1897.
12. Nehalinnia irene Hag.
A half dozen specimens, taken in same locality as A. hastatiun Say, in 1893, and a single immature $ from Clinton, la., in June, 1897.
13. Gomphus amnicola Walsh.
A single female, collected in July, 1892, at Des Moines.
14. Gomphus vastus Walsh.
Three specimens from Clinton, la., taken in June, 1897.
15. Anax junius Drury.
This large "spindle" is quite abundant, a small surface pond at Dunreath, some thirty miles from Des Moines yielding a large number of specimens Aug. 4, 1896. They were caught in copu- lation and in act of oviposition. Specimens are in my collection sent from Clinton.
[One 1 , Tama Co., Miss Sharp.]
16. Tramea lacerata Hag.
A single female, taken at Clinton, May, 1896. 17- Celithemis eponina Drury. A single female from Clinton.
1 8. Plathemis trimaculata De Geer.
Abundant; a small pond of stagnant water affording good collecting.
[One £ July 29, "flying over still water," one 9 June 28, 'blackberry in garden," Tama Co., Miss Sharp.]
19. Libellula pulchella Drury.
Nine specimens, taken Aug. 4, 1896, at Dunreath. These were taken along the railroad, among the bushes, and were quite wary. There were numerous small ponds of water, and likewise numerous kingbirds, Tyrannus tyrannus. I could see no drag-
io ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
onflies of any kind near any of the ponds where these birds were to be observed.* I have also specimens from Clinton.
[Two $ July 29, " flying over water," " on grass overhanging water," Tama Co., Miss Sharp.]
20. Libellula basalis Say.
Rare. The only specimen I secured was a male, captured in the weeds in the bottom of Des Moines River, some thirty miles from the city. I have another female from Clinton.
21. Libellula quadrimaculata L.
Two from Sabula, la., June, 1897. This seems to be a rare species. In nine years' residence in Illinois I did not see a single specimen, though Mr. C. C. Adams has one or two. In eight seasons while at Des Moines I have not seen a specimen.
22. Pachydiplax longipennis Burm.
Not common, five specimens being the total number collected, four taken Aug. 4, 1896, at Dunreath, la.; one at Clinton, la., June, 1897.
23. Mesothemis simplicicollis Say.
A few specimens, taken from Sabula, la., June, 1897.
24. Diplax corrupta Hag.
This widely distributed species is represented in my collection by three specimens, taken at Dunreath, la., Aug. 4, 1896.
25. Diplax rubicundula Say.
var. assimilata Uhler.
Quite common in August, 1892, but none taken after that, though they are undoubtedly to be had.
[Three $ eight 9 July 12 " dry meadow," three £ five 9 July 15 "wet meadow near standing water," Tama Co., Miss Sharp.]
26. Diplax obtrusa Hagen.
Four specimens, sent me from Clinton, la.
27. Diplax vicina Hag.
Not common ; I have only a few specimens, taken in Aug. , '93.
28. Leu cor hi nia intact a Hag.
A single male from Sabula, la.
•According to a note by J. L. Hersey, quoted in the "Canadian Entomologist" for April, 1873, p. 160, dragonflies are a favorite food for kingbirds. — P. P. C.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. II
DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW WEST AFRICAN HETEROCERA-
Paper I.
By Chancellor W.J. HOLLAND, Ph.D., LL.D., F.Z.S.,etc.
When starting for a short visit to Europe last May, I succeeded in finding a few moments' time in which to hastily gather to- gether some five score of specimens from my collection of African Lepidoptera, which I had reason to think new to science, and took them with me. I found time in the midst of other duties to pay a number of visits to the British Museum and the Royal Museum in Berlin, as well as to inspect a number of collections in private hands, which are rich in African material. As the result my opinion as to the nondescript character of most of the species was confirmed, and I propose from time to time, as I chance to have leisure, to publish descriptions of these things, possibly accompanied by illustrations, if I shall find time to prepare the latter. The types are all in my collection.
Family SYNTOMID/E.
Genus SYNTOMOIDES* Hampson.
1. S. xanthopleura sp. nov. $. — The wings are marked exactly as in S. puncticincta Holl. ("Psyche," January, 1893), but the species in hand may at once be distinguished by the totally different markings of the body. The front is pale yellow, almost white, the collar and patagia are orange- yellow, the top of the thorax is black. The abdomen is orange-yellow, with a black dorsal line beginning on the third segment from the thorax, on which, as well as on the fourth segment, it is extended down on either side to the line of the spiracles, as a saddle-shaped mark. This dorsal line is narrow on the remaining segments of the abdomen, and disappears wholly before reaching the anal extremity. The underside of the thorax and abdomen is grayish yellow. The legs are black, marked with yellow- ish rings. Expanse 25 mm.
Habitat. — Efulen, Bule Country, Cameroons (coll. A. C. Good, Ph.D.).
2. S. seminigra sp. nov. Q . — The forewings are marked as in .5". leugalea
*In "Psyche" for January and February, 1893, I described a number of West African Syntomidae, referring them to the genus Sjntomis. In so doing I was following well-estab lished precedents. After the descriptions had been prepared and published I received the first volume of Sir George F. Hampson's work on the Lepidoptera of India, and found that he had erected a new genus, Sywomoides, for the reception of a number of the forms hitherto placed by authors in Syntontis. His arrangement is certainly natural, and I desire to state that of the species named by me at the time referred to. the following will naturally come under his genius Syntonioides : — .9. leugalea, elasson, elachista, miserii- bilis, puncticincta, leimacis, goodii, reutlingcri, cytogaster, leucerythra, crenophylax and cybelistes.
12 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
Holl. (" Psyche," January, 1893), but the dark markings are somewhat broader and heavier. The hindwings have the costal margin and the whole outer half broadly black, leaving only a relatively small translucent spot on the inner margin. The body is black. The front is white. There is a narrow ring of white on the abdomen back of the thorax. The pectus and the anterior segments of the abdomen on the underside are accentuated with white lines. Expanse 21 mm.
Habitat. — Efulen, Bule Country, Cameroons (coll. A. C. Good, Ph.D.). This is a well-marked and distinct species. It is, so far as I know, not as yet represented in any European collection.
Genus SYNTOMIS 111.
3. S. kerri sp. nov. ^\ — The anterior wings recall 5. leucogasfra Holl. ("Psyche," January, 1893), but the white subapical spot and the white spot in the cell in 6". kerri are small, whereas in 5". leucogastra they are relatively large. The secondaries are marked with three white semi- translucent spots near the base, whereas in 6". leucogastra the secondaries are solidly black. But the strongest points of difference between the two species are found in the markings of the abdomen. The abdomen in both species is black, but in leucogastra the anal extremity is heavily tipped with bright orange, whereas in kerri it is narrowly tipped with dark crimson. The underside of the abdomen in leucogastra is broadly and conspicuously white, in kerri it is uniformly deep black. The pectus and legs in leucogastra are orange ; in kerri they are black. Expanse 24 mm.
Habitat. — Cameroons (coll. Kerr).
4. S. ef ulensis sp. nov. 9 . — The body, the antennae and the legs are black. The anterior segments of the abdomen are marked laterally upon their edges by short lines of metallic green. The primaries are black, glossed in certain lights with green. There is a large quadrate hyaline spot at the end of the cell and the intraneural spaces on the disc are pale semi-translucent green. The secondaries are heavily bordered on all sides with black, leaving an elongated hyaline spot in the middle of the wing below the cell. Expanse 32 mm.
Habitat. — Efulen, Bule Country, Cameroons (coll. A. C. Good, Ph.D.). This is a very distinct species.
Family
Genus TASEMA Walker.
5. T. nox sp. nov. ^\ — This obscure little moth is black, with a green- ish reflection in certain lights. The antennae are minutely tipped with white. There is nothing more to be said after having located it in the proper genus, as was kindly done for me by Sir George F. Hatnpson. Expanse 20 mm.
Habitat. — Cameroons (coll. A. C. Good, Ph.D.).
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 13
Family ARCTIID/E.
Genus ANACE Walker.
6. A. melaleuca sp. nov. rf. — Antennae with a white shaft and pale brown pectinations' Front, collar and patagia pale red ; thorax and abdomen luteous ; and extremity of abdomen tipped with slaty gray. The lower side of the thorax and abdomen whitish ; legs white, with the tibke of the anterior pair margined in front with gray. The anterior wings are white, lightly laved toward the base with yellowish. The cost? is narrowly edged with slaty gray, as far as the middle, and the whole outer half of the wing is marked with the same color, the inner line of demarcation sweeping around in a graceful curve from the middle of the costa to the inner margin before the outer angle. The secondaries are white, laved with yellowish on the inner margin and at the base. The wings on the under side are marked as upon the upper side. Expanse 24 mm.
Habitat. — Cameroons (coll. Kerr).
,__ .!.-_•_ f~\ .
LASIOCAMPA MEDUSA n. sp.
By Dr. HERMAN STRECKER.
I received about a year since from Mr. Max Albright, of the Soldiers' Home, Los Angeles County, California, a female Lasio- canipa (or Gloveria as the American authors have it) ; it was raised from the larva and is different from arizonensis or any of the Mexican species known to me. It expands four inches; the thorax and primaries above are very dark smoky gray, basal part of wings and thorax heavily furred, the mesial part a shade paler, minute white hairs are sprinkled over the whole surface; a small white discal spot, as in arizonensis and other species; inferiors and abdomen almost as dark as the primaries, but more brownish in tint; under surface of all wings almost uniform dark brown with a sprinkling of white hairs, most noticeable towards the costal margins; abdomen darker and also with the sprinkling of white hairs. This insect is larger than any of the American species known to me, and will be easily known by its deep, almost black color and lack of ornamentation, except the discal spot as well as by its general heavy appearance. The wings are much less pointed apically than in arizonensis and broader in propor- tion to their length, the abdomen is much longer, extending far beyond the inferiors. I know of but this one example which was sent to me along with the cocoon and pupa case from which it emerged.
14 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January
Notes on the Mutillidae of North America.
By WILLIAM J. Fox.
Through the courtesy of Mr. Samuel Henshaw I have had the oppor- tunity of examining Blake's types of Psammotherma ajax, Mutilla flori- dana and I\I. trisignata, all described as occurring in Florida. As to the first-mentioned species it has always been placed in our lists with doubt; and a comparison of the type with the description of Psaniinothernia iJabcllata Fabr., shows that it is identical with that species, whose home is Africa.
On glancing at ///. floridana and trisignata it was at once obvious that these species were strangers to our fauna. By the aid of Radoszkovsky and Sichel's " Essai d'une Monographic des Mutilles de 1'ancien Conti- nent," M iioridana is found to be the European M. inaitra Linne, while 717. trisignata is referable to M. arenaria Fabr., also of Europe and Africa.
A written label attached to the specimens in question reads as follows: " Harris from Doubleday Fla?" The facts that they came from Double- day, a European collector, and that the locality given is queried, are in themselves evidence that the specimens never came from Florida. It seems remarkable that one should give a positive locality for a species when such does not exist.
Rlutilla niti/ans and thoracica of Blake, and 717. peculiaris Cresson, differ at once from the females of the other species of Mutilla, in having the thorax divided into two parts, whereas in Mutilla (including Sphte- rophthalina Blake) the thorax of the female is solidified at least on dorsal surface into one piece. Mutill<i rutilans is either a new genus, or the female of Brachycistis, of which only males are known. I would refer it to Brachycistis, notwithstanding that the medial tibiae are two-spurred, whereas in the male they are one-spurred. In 7/7. thoracica we have the long-sought American representative of the female Mynnosa, which, in addition to the divided thorax, differs from Mittilla in having distinct ocelli. 717. peculiaris is a Chyphotes, and has recently been redescribed as Chyphotes mirabilis by Mr. Cockerel! .
The thorax of female, and armature of abdomen of male, permit the division of the Mutillidae into two subfamilies, one having the thorax (9) of one piece and male with abdomen supplied with two appendages at tip ; these forms constitute what may be termed the Mutillinae, of which there is but one vast genus, Mutilla (— Epliufa. Sphizropktkalma, Pseu. domcthoca, Photopsis, s. s.). The remainder of our genera, Mynnosa, Methoca, Chyphotes and Brac/iycistis, constitute the second subfamily, in which the thorax is divided into two or more parts in the female, and the tip of male abdomen is supplied with a stout, up-curved spine or hook, or unarmed (.Vyniiosa}. This latter subfamily I regard as analagous to the Thynnida.% of which no North American representatives were hereto- fore supposed to exist.
These notes are preliminary to a revision of our Mutillid;e, in which the matter will be treated at greater length.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 15
CarphOXera ptelearia Riley. — Herbarium Pest. By VERNON L. KELLOGG, Stanford University, Calif.
Last November (1896) Prof. \V. R. Dudley, of this university (Stanford), discovered that several papers of herbarium speci- mens in his collection were infested by small Geometrid larvse and turned over to me a number of these papers. The plant specimens were in open cases and unpoisoned. This month (May) imagines have appeared from the papers revealing the pest to be Carphoxera ptelearia described by Riley (" Insect Life," 1891, vol. iv, p. 1 08) as the representative of a new genus of Geometrid moths, and referred to occasionally since.
From the papers given me by Prof. Dudley I have been able to get eggs, larvae and imagines. All of the stages were described by Dr. Riley and need no further special mention. The duration of the larval period was not determined by Riley, but in his ac- count it is stated that " larval life extends in some cases certainly over a period of three months." The larvre, under my notice, were practically full sized when found, Nov. 6, 1896, but they did not pupate until April and May, 1897. Nor was this long period one of inaction. They moved about over the specimens in the papers feeding all through the Winter, though the feeding was far from voracious. How many weeks or months had elapsed between hatching and time of discovery of the larvae cannot even be guessed at, but evidently the insect has a larval life of at least eight or nine months.
The results of the insect's presence in Prof. Dudley's herbarium are distinctly in evidence, and the pest will have to be reckoned with in western herbaria. Dr. Riley found the insects in the herbaria of the Department of Agriculture at Washington, but confined to plant specimens from Southern California and Arizona, except in one instance. The habit of Carphoxera of feeding on dry and dead vegetation is, as pointed out by Riley, almost unique among the Geometridie, but one other instance of it, shown by a European species, being recorded. Dr. Riley suggests the probability that Carphoxera " normally feeds on the dead or dry plants of Mexico and adjacent arid regions, and that it has simply adapted itself to the somewhat similar conditions prevailing in herbaria."
The infested papers in Prof. Dudley's herbarium represent
X6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
many different species of plants, the Compositae and Labiatae seeming to furnish specially acceptable food for the pest. No Eastern specimens were in the infested herbarium, so that no special confirmation of Dr. Riley's observation that only Western specimens are attacked is derivable from the condition of Prof.
Dudley's herbarium.
— o
ARACHNIDA FROM THE MALASPINA GLACIER, ALASKA.
By NATHAN BANKS.
THERIDID^E. Erigone sp.
One specimen ( 9 ) not determinate from this sex.
LYCOSID^:.
Lycosa fumosa Em.
Canadian Spiders 1894.
One specimen ( 9 ) appears to be this species, but differs in having a distinct yellowish mark or interrupted band on all of the femora, and the anterior pair have another yellow mark on the outside near the tip. The epigynum is perhaps a little narrower than Emerton figures it ; the eyes are as he describes them.
Pardosa groenlandica Thor.
Spiders from Greenland 1872. One specimen ( 9 ) is close to the L. sinistra form described
from Colorado.
PHALAGID/E. Phlegmacera bryantii n. sp.
Length 2.5 mm., femur IV 2.4 mm. — Blackish, abdomen rather paler, especially at the tip; clothed on the venter with stiff, erect, black bristles, those on coxce and mandibles longer ; palpi with short stiff hairs ; cepha- lothorax smooth ; eye- tubercle rather low, very broad, large eye each side ; mandibles large ; third joint of palpi nearly as long as width of the cephalothorax, cylindrical ; fourth a little longer, of same size ; fifth not half as long as fourth ; clavate. Trochanters slightly tuberculate ; (first and second pairs of legs lost), femur and tibia III with two false articula- tions, femur and tibia IV with five or six false articulations, numerous on metatarsi and tarsi, abdomen short, broadly rounded at tip.
One specimen (9). July 4. J<^97 : collected by Mr. H. G. Bryant, in honor of whom the species is named. It differs from both of our known forms by its darker color, broader eye-tubercle, and false articulations in the posterior femora.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. IJ
NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SYRPHID^E FROM MT. ST. ELIAS, ALASKA.
By CHAS. W. JOHNSON.
The following Syrphidae were collected by Mr. H. G. Bryant during- his explorations on Mt. St. Elias, in the Summer of 1897. By a strange coincidence the six specimens collected represented as many species, two of which are apparently new. Mr. M. D. Hunter, in his interesting paper (" Can. Ent.," June, 1897, page 121), reviews til*? Syrphidae of Alaska, and records twenty spe- cies; the following increases the number to twenty-three:
Syrphus protrltus Osten Sacken.
Great Malaspina Glacier, Mt. St. Elias, June 22. Described from California. Collected by Prof. L. L. Dyche near Cook's Inlet (Hunter).
Syrphus umbellatarum Schiner.
Great Malaspina Glacier, Mt. St. Elias, June 16. " In snow, altitude 1300 feet." Also collected by Prof. Dyche. White Mountains, N. H. (Osten Sacken).
Syrphus geniculatus Macquart.
Great Malaspina Glacier, Mt. St. Elias. June 22. Not before recorded from Alaska. Newfoundland (Macq.). White Moun- tains, N. H. (Osten Sacken).
Syrphus bryantii n. sp. $ .
Length 7.5 mm. Eyes minutely pilose, front dark greenish, shining, with an arch of black above the antennae, vertex black, shining, both front and vertex sparsely covered with black hairs, face of a uniform bright yellow, shining, with a few minute black hairs on the sides, tuber- cle very prominent, cheeks slightly extending upward along the facial orbits and the entire oval margin black, shining ; occiput greenish black with yellow pile, month-parts unusually large, antennce black, lower edge of the third joint brownish black, base entirely surrounded by yellow. Thorax and pleurae greenish black with long yellowish pile; scutellum bright yellow, lateral angles black. Halteres yellow. Abdomen deep black, pile on the first, second and third segments yellow, on the fourth and fifth black, longest on the sides of the first and second, the bright yellow cross bands the same as Syt'p/nis umbellatarum; venter yellow with "l>s<>lete blackish markings on the posterior edge of the third and fourth segments. Legs yellowish, basal half of the anterior and middle femora and the tarsi black, posterior femora (except the apical third), a medial band on the tibice, and the tarsi black. Wings with a slight brownish tinge, stigma brown.
1 8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
Great Melaspina Glacier, Mt. St. Elias, June 16, 1897. "In snow, altitude 1300 feet." Respectfully dedicated to its dis- coverer, Mr. H. G. Bryant, of Philadelphia. Platychirus peltatus Meigen.
Great Malaspina Glacier, Mt. St. Elias, June 22 ; Sitka (Loe\v). A widely distributed species, Northern Europe, White Moun- tains, N. H., New York, Pennsylvania, Colorada.
Melanostoma glacialis n. sp. $.
Length 6 nun. Face greenish, shining, uniformly and densely covered (except the tubercle) with a grayish pollen. Tubercle prominent, black, shining, frontal and vertical triangle, black, with long blackish pile; occiput with grayish pile, antennae entirely black, mouth parts brown. Thorax dull black, with large black pile somewhat brownish on the anterior portion ; scutellum an obscure yellow, stained with brown, which becomes black at the lateral angles, pile long, black. Abdomen narrowly ovate, black ; opaque, with prominent grayish pile, longest on the sides, hind border of the fourth and the fifth segment shining, near the middle of the second segment on each side is a small round yellow spot, third and fourth segments with a large ovate, yellow marking at the anterior angles, reaching the lateral margins, those on the fourth somewhat smaller than those on the third, posterior margin of the fourth narrowly margined with yellow. Legs black, apical portion of the femora and the base of the tibiae of the anterior and middle legs yellowish. Wings hya- line, with a slightly grayish tinge, stigma an obsolete yellow.
Great Malaspina Glacier, Mt. St. Elias, June 22. Resembling M. ccerulesccns Will, in abdominal markings but readily separated by the opaque black ground color.
o —
UTAH REVISITED; WYOMING AND MONTANA.— Part II.
By Prof. A. J. SNVDER.
From Ogden, Utah, northward, no stops were made until \ve reached Beaver Canon, Idaho, or, as the place is now known, "Beaver." From this place some tourists travel northeast by wagon to Yellowstone Park.
The country in the near vicinity reminded me of the rolling
J - O
land of South Dakota, but the hills are larger and one need not travel far to rind the country mountainous.
The Wood Bro's sheep ranch has a station some six miles out, to which one of their men invited us.
I have- seen tew places inoiv productive of butterfly life. It was almost impossible to advance for there were hundreds of
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. IQ
insects of many varieties all about us — Argynnids, Pamphilas, Lycaenas, Satyrids, Coenonymphas, etc. Most of the species, how- ever, were the same as those common to Utah. Soon, however, the ground became higher and on crossing one of the high knolls a gray butterfly sprang up, almost resembling a grasshop- per in its quick motions. It darted about and then dropped into the grass. Others of the same kind were soon started and after some careful maneuvering my first Hipparchia ridingsii was safely landed in the cyanide jar. On these grassy round-topped hills many of this species were found, but the sport much resem- bled jack-snipe hunting, and I longed for a gun and some harm- less kind of ammunition with which to pepper the wily insects ; ridJugsii often lights on bare spots of ground, but the gray color of its wings blends so well with the soil and dry grass that it is very hard to see. Its habit oi folding the primaries within the secondaries and occupying the smallest possible place and even tumbling over on one side so as to almost lie flat on the surface, resembles C. chryxus. Like that species, also, it not infrequently alights on bare rocks. This species was not seen elsewhere until, on the road from Livingston to Yellowstone Park, one darted up in front of my horse only to alight in the dust and formed so tempting a prize that I dismounted and captured it.
Soon we came to a deep, well-wooded gully, probably one- quarter mile in width, and, while crossing this, a little brownish black insect started up from a small grassy glade, and after a rapid chase over logs and brush the first specimen of Cceno- nympha haydcnii was being examined.
While dinner was preparing, a little search near camp resulted in the capture of several more haydenii. After dinner, with our friends, the ranchers, we collected on the higher ground back of camp and secured a number of fine insects. Argynnids were probably most abundant, and the most common species was eurynome. A few Icto were taken and examples of several other species or varieties.
During the afternoon we worked our way back to Beaver, col- lecting en route, and on passing their metroplis again spent some time with the Hipparchias.
Mr. Wood and his men urged us to make our home at their camp while- in the vicinity. Never has it been my fortune to be more generously entertained or made so welcome among stranger^
2O ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
as was our visit to these gentlemen whose life is one of hardship in a sparsely settled region. Only three days were spent in this vicinity, but enough to convince us that collectors might spend a longer time there to the great advantage of their cabinets.
After leaving Beaver, our next stop was Butte, one of the greatest if not the greatest of the mining camps in the United States. This great city is as barren as the crater of a great vol- cano, without a sign of vegetation — neither living tree nor blade of grass. Butte is no place for an entomologist, and that night we started eastward — bound for Yellowstone Park.
In our opinion, the proper way to see "The Wonderland of America" is to go there with an independent "outfit." To see the most and succeed best, especially from a collector's stand- point, one should have saddle ponies and be able to follow the various remarkable trails where it is impossible to take wagons. Almost any kind of an outfit may be secured at Livingston or Bozeman, and from the former the distance to the Park is oaly fifty-three miles.
After hiring three ponies (two saddle and one pack animal) we were ready for butterflies or scenery and soon found both.
News of sickness at home, unfortunately, shortened our trip and prevented our doing full justice to either the insects or sights.
Along the road to the Park, Cleomc integrifolia was abundant, and on the flowers were numerous Pamphilas — uncas being the most common species. In a meadow we found many ol the common Satyr us t var. olympus. Grass and flowers are plentiful in the Park, as are also the butterflies ; although we saw many species common to the Rocky Mountains region, no remarkable captures were made until we entered Hayden Valley, Aug. ist. A storm had just passed. Suddenly the sun shone out brightly and butterflies were everywhere. We immediately dismounted, and although both our nets had been ruined by accidents we spent a most interesting hour in the wet grass collecting with a piece of a net. C. hay den ii and E. cpipsodea were everywhere about us. Ccenonymphas were common and a few Argynnids were seen. A single Ercbia sofia was taken here — the only one seen during the trip. While busy capturing insects a small herd of elk walked out of the timber not far away and watched us with curious eyes, alternately feeding and stopping to view us
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 21
until our mounting frightened them back into the forest. We longed for weeks in this beautiful valley but it could not be.
Even in the geyser region we found butterflies, and several were captured near the Riverside Geyser while waiting for an eruption. Several Chrysophanus mariposa were taken in the Upper Geyser Basin. Argynnis hclena was found flitting along the road alighting in moist places in the neighborhood of the lower falls of the Yellowstone. A single Enptceeta claudia was taken beside the road. Two Chionobas jutta and a single Melitcea edit/ia were also captured. Thecla sazpium was common near Mammoth Hot Springs.
Although we ascended no high mountains, Chionobas chryxux was seen several times. Satyrus charon was abundant. Several Argynnis monticola and a pair of what seems to be the var. pur- purasccns, Hy. Edw. fell to our lot. A few Argynnis eurynomc were taken.
In conclusion, the author wishes to record an opinion : — My observations lead me to believe that eurynome, ar/onisand arge* form a single species, and absolutely intergrade. I have captured about 800 eurynome and have studied specimens from Utah and British America, also some of the intermediate points (Yellow- stone Park and Idaho). Of the unsilvered form called artonis, I have captured over 150 examples. These two forms I have taken in coitu £ artonis and 9 eiirynome ; and 9 artontsand £ eurynomc. I have seen specimens only partially silvered and resembling both artonis and eurynome. In my collection are specimens of arge £ from Oregon which seem to correspond exactly with Mr. Strecker's description of this variety, and I have males from Utah which are certainly arge, and others which intergrade into the typical eurynomc. I have never seen a 9 which positively belonged to the var. arge, but have noted a de- cided variation in the females of the so-called eurynomc. If these so-called species naturally interbreed, and if all the inter- grades have been found as I have proved, it only remains to de- termine positively the result of this interbreeding and the ques- tion is absolutely solved.
Mr. FREDERICK KNAB reports the capture of Anisolabis maritima at Bridgeport, Conn.
* To these may be added, in all probability, macaria, clio, of is and bischoffi.—'E.'D.
22 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
RECOLLECTIONS OF OLD COLLECTING GROUNDS.
II.— THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY.
By H. F. WICKHAM, Iowa City, Iowa.
The region about Brownsville. Texas, is one of great interest, but only lately has it been explored entomologically with any degree of care. Within the past two years, however, the country has been visited and worked by Prof. Townsend, Mr. Schwarz and the writer.* Its most striking feature is perhaps to be found in the little jungles or " oases" of tropical vegetation, supporting corresponding insect faunse, these small areas being compassed around by the ordinary flora and fauna of southern Texas.
It is by no means ready of access, since a visit implies either a long trip by steamer from New Orleans or Morgan City, or a cross-country stage ride of some 160 miles from Alice The latter has the advantage of convenience since the stages are run daily, while the steamer dates are about ten days apart.
The writer made the trip by stage, reaching Brownsville on the evening of June 2Oth. A heavy rain had laid the dust and refreshed the country so that the broad prairies which alternate with patches of chaparral were gorgeous with many blossoms. But little time was had for collecting along the road, the thirty- six hours of travel consumed in covering the distance being broken only by such short stops as were necessary to change horses and to eat a hasty lunch. Nevertheless, a few observa- tions were made. Cicindela redilatera abounded in swarms near rain puddles; Canthon Icevis was busily rolling balls about in sandy spots. In the mesquite scrub might now and then be seen a fine specimen of a great black Longhorn, Stenaspis solitaria ; these, however, disappearing before reaching El Sawz. A short stop at Santa Gertrudes, the first relay station out of Alice, was the occasion of some rejoicing over the capture of a fine example of Eleodes ventricosa, one of the largest species of the genus, remarkable for its obese form and shining surface.
No towns are passed through en route, the road running across great ranches thousands of acres in extent. An occasional Mex- ican hut is about the only sign of human habitation, except at the small settlement of El Sawz and Arroyo. Arrived, finally,
* Cf. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash, iv, p. 2; Trans. Texas Acad. of Sci., 1895; and Bull. Nat. Hist. State Univ. of Iowa, iv, pp. 96 et seq.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 23
at the journey's end it was a pleasure to meet a fellow- entomolo- gist in the person of Prof. C. H. Tyler Townsend, who had already been in the field for some months. His aid in securing accommodations and readily given information as to the collect- ing grounds were of material advantage and greatly appreciated. He had already located many of the little tropical oases — if we may give them that name — and had made large and interesting collections in the interests of the Division of Entomology at Washington.
As a result of the explorations carried on, many species not hitherto recognized as inhabitants of the United States must be added to our lists. A few of these may be mentioned here, the remainder will be referred to in the author's report on the Cole- optera of this valley.*
A number of Cicindelidae were met with, the most interesting of which occurred at Point Isabel along the extensive beaches and salt mud-flats in that neighborhood. C. severa, iogata, cir- cumpicta and pamphila all inhabit this little strip of sea-coast in company with some more familiar forms. C. pamphila is re- markable, from the fact that the elytra exhibit much the same range of variation in ground color as that displayed by the better known C. sperala.
Among the Carabidie, mention should be made of the occur- rence of Calosoma aurocinctnm Chaud., a species resembling our common scrutator, but a little smaller and of a brighter clearer green with less pronounced elytral striae and broader, flatter in- terspaces. It is a Mexican form and will probably not be found much to the north of Brownville. A large colony of the hitherto very rare Pogomis texanus WHS exposed on turning over a pal- metto log lying on a broad mud flat at the Point. A number disappeared at once into seams opened by the sun, but quite a supply was secured. In heavy thickets where the vines made their closest tangles. Agra oblongopunctata Chev. was occasion- ally beaten from some thick mass of foliage. It is an outre look- ing insect of slender form, the prothorax elongate, nearly conical, the narrow elytra deeply punctured in rows. The original lo- cality was Vera Crux, Mexico. I\ficragra &nea is another hitherto extra limital species ranging through Central America to Brazil. It is a small greenish or black-bronzed insect, something like
* Now publishing in the " Bulletin of Natural History," State University of Io\v:i.
24 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
Metabletus in form, occurring on vines. Several specimens of a new Lebiide {Euproctus texanus Wickham) were obtained, chiefly in sweepings or by beating. Callida pundulata Chaud. , was beaten from jungles in company with C. planulata and Pinaco- dcra piinctigera. A single specimen of Anatrichis oblonga was found on the river bank. This has hitherto been represented by
a single example.
o
An Egg Parasite of Smerinthus astylus Drury. By WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD.
Assistant Curator, Department of Insects, U. S. Nat. Mus., Washington, D. C.
I have recently received, for identification, from Mr. R. F. Pearsall, of Brooklyn, N. Y. , three specimens of a beautiful little chalcid, reared from the eggs of Smerinthus astylus Drury.
This chalcid proved to belong to the subfamily Eupelminse, in Motschulsky's genus Anastatus (= Antigaster Walsh) and to be quite different from the several other species described in our fauna. I have, therefore, named it in honor of the discoverer and submit the following description :
Anastatus pearsalli sp. n. i . — Length 2.5 mm. Blue-green; the scutel- luin, middle lobe and the elevated lateral lobes of the mesonotmn and the face, including the frons, bronze-green ; scape, lobe in front of tegulae, apex of pronotum and the legs, with the exceptions to be noted, ferru- ginous ; anterior and hind coxae metallic-blue; anterior femora and tibiae, except knees and hind legs, except tarsal joints 2 to 3, which are yellow- ish white, dark brown or fuscous; the middle tibire and the tarsal joints i, 2 and 5 brownish; front wings fuscous, with the basal one-third and two triangular spots opposite each other, the points of which almost meet and form a band just beneath the* marginal vein, whitish hyaline ; abdo- men blue-black, with a white band at apex of first abdominal segment.
Had.— Brooklyn, N. Y.
Described from three female specimens, bred Aug. 20, 1897, from eggs of Smerinthus astylus Drury, by Mr. R. F. Pearsall.
IN THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION. Professor. — "What has become of Bugs? Wasn't he studying with the class last year?"
" Ah, yes; Bugs — poor fellow — a fine student, but absent minded in the use of benzine in cleaning specimens — very. That discoloration on the ceiling— notice it?"
"Yes."
"That's Bugs."
1898.] 25
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit, and will thankfully receive items of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.]
To Contributors.— All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfei- ence, as to make it necessary to put " copy'' into the hands of the printer, for each number, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five "extras" without change in form will be given free when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. — ED.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., JANUARY, 1898.
A LETTER TO THE NEWS.
' I suppose I am one of a fairly numerous class who make the collection of insects a pastime and not a very serious study— ' mere collectors' I suppose we should be called. Nevertheless, what we see we know, and if we never get far beyond the ento- mological A B C it is not so much because we do not care to, as it is because business and other cares which ' will not down' are too tyrannical. All we know must come from observation, and we haven't much time for that — the literature of our hobby is scarce and expensive, and over our heads as well.
" What we want in a periodical is the relation of the experi- ences of others of our class. If some fellow has a 'sugar' which he finds attracts more Catocalae than any other he has tried we'd like to know his recipe. We'd like to hear of another's expe- riences in rearing the more common species — perhaps ihe suc- cessful method of one will show another how he failed. We want to read of various methods of preserving pupae over Win- ter. We would like descriptions of the perfect insect in cases where species differ enough from each other to make a written description of any value, and we want these things not once in a while, but every month. li we ' mere collectors' could have two pages a month devoted to us we would gladly take our chances on getting something of value out of the rest of the issue. Of course you can't bother to edit and publish a paper
26 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
for the benefit of one or two individuals; but it seems to me that if you will publish something each month that may be of interest to the merest tyro, you might enlarge your sphere of usefulness and add to the income of the NEWS ' -W. R. H.
We are perfectly willing to adopt the suggestions of our cor- respondent; in fact such has long been our desire and we have made every effort to get just such communications. We even went so far as to send out printed circulars soliciting articles ot the kind mentioned— but they came not. It can't be expected that the editors should write such articles each month as they also have matters to attend to that wont "down" and the time they devote to the journal is stolen from their own work. Now, W. R. H. we believe belongs to a large class of our subscribers and we turn the matter over to them to remedy, and await the result with much interest.
ON November 4th, after a day's collecting, I had occasion to walk along the Erie Railroad track at Woodside, N. J., on my way home. I saw several larvae of Spilosoina isabella crawling along on the inside of the iron rail, evidently looking for a place to cross over the track. I thought nothing of it until I saw some larva of Arctia arge which I took, and from that time on I kept my eyes on the rails. At a rough guess I must have passed at least 200 larvae during the walk of about a half of a mile 5". Isabella were the most numerous. I took the following: fifteen Arctia arge? four Arctia nais, three Spilosoina rubricosa and three different specimens of Agrotis. I had occasion to pass along the same place again a week later but did not see a sign of a larva.— A. J. WEIDT, Newark, N. J.
Ph ilanthiis punctatus var. cockerelli~D\mmng, ENT. NEWS, 189(1, p. 69. — Mr. Dunning gives no locality for this variety; the type specimens cited were from Las Cruces, New Mex., August 24 and September 3, the latter on flowers of Solidago canadensis. I have been comparing our Mesilla Valley pnnctatus (which frequents the flowers of Chilopsis and Sisyin- brium as well as Solidago, and appears as early as April 16) with speci- mens of typical pnnctatns taken by Mr. Robert Knetsch at Terra Cottn, 111., and I find that our insect (var. cockerelli] constantly differs by the pale markings (light yellow to white), almost clear wings (with, however, a dusky apex), narrower head in the <$, and eyes closer together at the top in both sexes. It seems to be a good subspecies at least, but Mr. Dunning's diagnosis should be modified to include all our specimens -
T. D. A. COCKERELL.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 27
Notes and News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE.
A PICTURE for the album of the American Entomological Society has been received from Andrew Bolter.
AN ant which Sir John Lubbock, the English naturalist, has kept for observation many years died recently, whereupon the " Indian Mirror" published an obituary notice of his aunt.
Ix the collection of the late Dr. Geo. H Horn there was a specimen of the large moth (Pseudosphynx tetrio Linn.) which bore the following label: " Large moth reached ship 'Earnmoor' Saturday, Feb. nth, 1888, at sea about two hundred miles from shore."-— HENRY SKINNER.
WHEREAS, we have learned with infinite sorrow and regret of the death of Dr. George H. Horn, of Philadelphia.
Resolved, By the Newark Entomological Society, in special meeting, November 28, that Entomological Science, particularly in Coleoptera, has sustained a most serious loss, that the Society has lost a well-wisher, and many of its members a personal friend.
Resolved, Also that this expression of our sorrow be spread upon the minutes of the Society, that a copy be sent to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for publication, and that another copy be sent to the personal representa- tives of the deceased.
(Signed) JOHN ANGELMAN, -»
ED. A. BISCHOFF, \ Committee. JOHN B. SMITH,
NOTE ON AGAPOSTEMON TEXANUS. — Mr. Robertson, in his recent ex- cellent account of the common species of Agapostemon, gives to texaniis a very wide range — from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It seems desirable to ask how uniform it is throughout this territory. I have before me six examples from Washington State (one from Olympia, June 29; five from Pasco, May 25), all collected by Mr. T. Kincaid; and while they agree with texanus in almost every particular (including the punctures of the mesothorax), they are very easily separated from typical texanus (as found in New Mexico) by the much more finely sculptured base of the metathorax. The radiating wrinkles, which in true /c.vanns are very large and distinct, are much smaller, more numerous, and less separated from one another. There is even a feebly indicated triangular enclosure. As the difference indicated is quite constant in a series, I propose to call the Washington form A. subtilior n. sp. or subsp. Mr. Kincaid sent with the A. subtilior eighteen examples of A. radiatits, all from Pasco. Mr. Robertson gives that species as west to Dakota only. The Pasco exam- ples are larger and bluer than the Illinois form of riidiuiiis. — T. D. A. COCKERELL, Mesilla, New Mex.
28 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
Entomological Literature.
Under the above head it is intended to note such papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology, unless monographs, or con- taining descriptions of new genera, will not be noted. Contributions to the anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded. The numbers in Heavy-faced type refer to the journals, as numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published; * denotes that the paper in question contains descriptions of new North American forms.
4. The Canadian Entomologist, London, Ont., Dec., '97. — 5. Psyche, Cambridge, Mass., Dec., '97. — 1O. Nature, London, '97. — 21. The En- tomologist's Record, London, Nov. 15, '97. — 22. Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipsic, No. 543, Oct. 21, '97. — 24. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, xlii, i and 2, Nov., '97. — 35. Annales de la Societe" Entomologique de Belgique, xl, 9, Brussels, Nov. 15, '97. — 47. The Zoologist, London, Nov. 15, '97. — 48. The International Journal of Microscopy and Natural Science (3), viii, 36. London, Oct., '97. — 49. Termeszetrajzi Fiizetek, xx, 4. Budapest, Nov. i, '97.
The General Subject. — Bethe, A. Comparative researches on the functions of the central nervous system of Arthropods, i pi., Pfluger's Archiv fur Physiologic, Ixviii, 10-12. Bonn, Oct. 29, '97. — Biro, L. Biological observations in New Guinea, 24. — C o c k e r e 1 1 , T. D. A. A curious case of protective coloration, 5. — H e y m o n s , R. Remarks on Verhoeff's views on the abdominal appendages of insects, 22. — Po ul- ton, E. B. Mimicry in butterflies and moths, 1O, Nov. 4, n. — R af- fray, A. Occurrence of blind insects in South Africa. Transactions, South African Philosophical Society, ix, i. Cape Town, 1897. — St. George, v. la Valette. On sperm- and egg- formation in the silk- worm (Bombyx- mori), 3 pis. Archiv fur mikroscopische Anatomic, L, 4. Bonn, Nov. 15, '97. — Suffer t, E. Effect of the blood monad (Bad/Ins prodigiosus] on insects, 24, Sitzungsberichte. — V. Insects and flowers, Revue Scientifique, Paris, Nov. 6, '97.
Kcoiiomic Entomology. — Anon. Asclepias curassavica as an in- sectifuge, Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew, No. 130, Oct., '97. — Anon. Useful insect products, 1O, Dec. 2. — Cha- pais, J. C. Some insects to be combatted, Naturaliste Canadien, xxiv, 10. Chicoutimi, Queb. — C o u t a g n e , G. Summary report on the work done at the Sericulture Station of Rousset-en-Provence in 1896-97. Bul- letin Socie"te" Nationale d'Acclimatation de France, Paris, Oct., '97.— Deprez, V. Principal insects injurious to tobacco of the Semois, figs., 35. — Dubois, L. On a bacterium pathogenic for the Phylloxera and for certain Acarines, Comptes Rendus, L'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Nov. 15, '97. — Fletcher, J. Evidence before the Select Standing Committee of the House of Commons on Agriculture and Colonization Session of 1897. Printed by order of Parliament [Ottawa, Can.] ; Re-
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 29
port of the Entomologist and Botanist 1896, figs. Annual Report on the Experimental Farms for the year 1896. Ottawa, 1897. — Krueger, F. The San Jose scale, a new danger for German fruit culture. Gartenflora, Berlin, Nov. 15, '97. — Lounsbury, C. P. Report of the Government Entomologist for the year 1896, figs. Cape of Good Hope Department of Agriculture. Cape Town, 1897. — Mayet, V. The cochineal of the vines of Chile (Afargarodes vitius Giard), Anales de la Sociedad Cien- tifica Argentina, xliv, 4. Buenos Aires, Oct., '97. — Morgan, H. A. Report of the Entomologist, figs., Bulletin of the Agricultural Experiment Station, (2) No. 48. Baton Rouge, La., '97. — Xewstead, R. Kermes variegatus Gmelin $ : a Coccid new to Britain, Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, London, Dec., '97. — Pearson, L. and Warren, B. H. Diseases and enemies of poultry. [Pennsylvania] Dept. of Agriculture, Bulletin No. 17, Harrisburg, 1896. — S. Destructive animals, general con- siderations on their appearance and their destruction. Wiener lllustrierter Garten-Zeitung, Nov., '97.
Myriapoda and Araclmida.— S i 1 v e s t r i , F. Description of new species of Myriapods of the Royal Museum of Natural History of Brus- sels, figs., 35. — T rouessart, E. On the Acarine of blacking and on that of wine, Comptes Rendus, Societe" de Biologic, Paris, Oct. 30, '97.
Orthoptera and Neuroptera — Burr, M. The stridnlation of Orthoptera, 47. — Bo r das, L. The salivary glands of Pseudoneurop tera and Orthoptera. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale (3) v, 2. Paris, 1897.— Savi lie- Kent, W. Remarkable termite mounds of Australia, 1O, Nov. 25. — Zimmer, C. The facetted eyes of the Ephemeridae, 2 pis. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Ixiii, 2. Leipsic, Nov. 12, '97.
Hemiptrra. — Cockerell, T. D. A., and Quaintance, A. L. A new Lecanimn on magnolia from Florida,* 5. — C o o 1 e y , R. A. New species of Chionaspis* 4. — Distant, W. L. Stridulation and habits of Cicadicke, 47. — H a n d 1 i r s c h , A. On the systematic position of tin- Hemipterous genus Phimophorus Bergroth, figs., Verhandlungen, k. k. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien xlvii, 8, Nov. 10, '97. — King, G. B., and Tins ley, J. D. A new ant-nest Coccid,* figs., .">. — Mar- shall, G. A. K. Stridulation of Cicadidit- in Mashunuland, 47.— Montandon, A. L. New Hemiptera of the collections of the Mu- seum of Paris, Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, '97, 4.— Rendall, P. Stridulation of Cicadicke, 47.— U h 1 e r , P. R. Contri- butions towards a knowledge of the Hemiptera-Heteroptera of North America— No. i.* Transactions, Maryland Academy of Sciences 1897, Baltimore.
Colcoptera. — Belon, R. P. Remarks on the genus Jiiiryf>/<t\i Serv. of the group Lepturidte and description of a new species from Bolivia, J55. — Blatter, P. Study of the histological structure of the accessory glands of the male apparatus of Hydrophilus i pi. Archives d' Anatomic Microscopique i, 3. Paris, Nov. 10, '97. — Heyne, A. Die
30 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
exotischen Kaefer in Wort und Bild. 7. u. 8. Lieferung. Verlag von Ernst Heyne in Leipzig, 1897, 4 colored pis. — Keen, J. H. Three in- teresting Staphylinidse from Queen Charlotte Islands, figs., 4. — Pic , M. First Supplement to my list of Anthicidae-addenda, 3.5. — S c h a u f u s s , C. Bark-beetle studies— i, 24.
Diptera. — Becker, T. Dipterological studies — v, i pi., 24.— Dahl, F. PuHciphora, a new flea-like genus of flies, 22. — Towns- end, C. H. T. Diptera from the Mesilla Valley of the Rio Grande in New Mexico — i, 5.
Lepidoptera. — B a c o t , A. On the development and probable origin of certain ocellated spots in the larvae of Lasiocampa qnercns and Odo- iiestis potaforia, 21. — B o w e 1 1 , E. W. W. On the scales of European Zygsenides, i pi., 21. — Bull, J. The fluctuation in numbers of seden- tary species of Lepidoptera with some criticisms suggested by the list recently issued by the Protection Committee, 21.— C h reti en , P. The first stages of Tortrix grotiana; Le Naturaliste, Paris, Nov. 15. '97.- Davis, W. T. Notes on Staten Island butterflies, Proceedings of the Natural Science Association of Staten Island, vi, 11. New Brighton, N. Y., Nov. 13, '97. — Donitz, \V. Preservation of larva? in gelatine, 24, Sit/ungsberichte. — Diiberg. North American and Asiatic species of Argynnis, 24, Sitzungsberichte. — Dyar, H. G. The larva? of two Saturnians; Note on larvae of Gyna-pliora grcenlandica and G. rossii; Note on Cydosiinse, 5. — Elwes, H. J. and Ed wa r ds , f. A revision of the Oriental Hesperidse, 10 pis. (4 in colors). Transactions. Zoological Society of London, xiv, 4, Oct., '97. — French, G. H. Preparatory stages of Pyrgus tessellata, 4.— Grot e, A. R. On the value of larval characters, 21. — H a m p s o n , G. F. On the classification of the Chry- sauginas, a subfamily of moths of the family Pyralidae,* figs.; On the classification of the Thyrididae— a family of the Lepidoptera Pha'laenae, figs., Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1897, part iii, Oct. i, '97. — Han ham, A. \Y. A list of Manitoba moths, 4. — Hogg, J. The so-called jumping bean of Mexico, 3 pis., 48. — Langdale, A. Strange pairing of butterflies, 47.— Lyman, H. H., and Wirin, A. F. Notes on G rapt a interrogationis Fabr., 4. — Nagel, W. A. On the taste organ of butterflies, figs., 22. — Poulton, E. B. See General Works. — Pro tit, L. B. On the genus Oporabia (cont. ); The Geometrid family Amphidasydae, 21. — S cudder, S. H. Dates of issue of some of Boisduval's works, 5.— Soule, C. G. Notes on unusual food-plants, etc. , *>. — S t e v e n s o n , C. Vanessa milberti, 4. — U 1 e , E. Symbiosis between an Asclepias and a butterfly (transl. from Berichte der deutschen botanischen Gesell. xv). Journal of Botany. London, Nov., '97.
Hymenoptera.— Cockerell, T. D. A. On the generic position of some bees hitherto referred to Pannrgns and Calliopsis* 4. — Fer- ton, C. Habits of gastrilegid Hymenoptera, Feuille des jeunes Natu- ralistes. Paris, Nov. r, '97.— For el, Dr. A. Ants' nests 2 pis. (trans- lated from Neujahrsblatt Naturforsch. Gesell. Zurich, 1893), 48 ;. On the
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 3!
habits of the ants of tropical America, J55. — Fox, \V. J. Contributions to a knowledge of the Hymenoptera of Brazil, No. 3. Sphecidae (sens, lat.), Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1897. — K arawaie \v , \V. Preliminary communication on the internal metamorphoses of ants, 22. — King and Tins ley. See Hemiptera. — Konovv, F. \V. Systematic and critical revision of the Siricid tribe Oryssini, 49; On wood wasps, Entomologische Nachrichten, xxiii, 20. Berlin, Oct. ; '97. — P a r k i n , J. A bee's movements in a room, 1O, Nov. 4. — Sen., S. The orchid wasp (Isosonia orchidaaruni] Naturwissens- chaftliche Wochenschrift. Berlin, Nov. 21, '97. — Schmiedeknecht , O. The Ichneumonid genus Hemiteles with a review of the European species, 49.
Doings of Societies.
A regular stated meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences was hdd November i8th, Mr. E. T. Cresson presiding. Mr. Herman Hornig presented two imagos, one chrysalis and two larvae of Boletotherus bifurcus. Mr. Philip Laurent exhibited some fine photographs showing the destructive work of ants in chestnut and cherry wood. Mr. Robert Reif was elected an Associate.
The following gentlemen were nominated for officers for the new year :
Director, George H. Horn.
Vice- Director, C. S. Welles.
Treasurer, E. T. Cresson.
Conservator, ) TT C1 •
Henry Skinner. Recorder, )
Secretary, W. J. Fox.
Publication Committee, \
( J. H. Ridings.
HENRY SKINNER, M.D.,
Recorder.
A business meeting of the American Entomological Society was held November iSth. Nominations of officers were made for the year 1898.
HENRY SKINNER, Secretary f»o ton.
PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 14, 1897. — A stated meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social was held at the residence of Mr. II.
32 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January,
W. Wenzel, 1509 S. I3th Street. Meeting called to order at 9 P.M., Vice-president Castle in the chair. Minutes of the pre- vious meeting read and approved.
The chairman announced to the members the death of one of the Social's honorary members, Dr. George H. Horn, which occurred on Nov. 24, 1897, upon which the following resolution was presented: " The Feldman Collecting Social having learned of the death of Dr. George H. Horn, one of its honorary mem- .bers, be it
Resolved, That it is the sense of this meeting that science has thereby lost one of its brightest lights and American Coleopter- ology its foremost savant, and
Resolved, That we herewith express our deep sorrow at the loss ol our friend and fellow member, whose death leaves an irreparable gap in the science of Entomology.
Mr. H. W. Wenzel read a communication from Mr. Ottomar Reinecke, of Buffalo, N. Y., dated Dec. n, 1897, in which he states he has forwarded for presentation to each Coleopterist of the Social a set of four specimens of Glycobius speciosus, each being accompanied by a picture of himself.
Mr. Fox read some notes on Mutillidae, which will be published in full in the NEWS.
Mr. H. W. Wenzel mentioned that, on November 2oth, his two sons, Harry and Elmer, had captured in the Philadelphia Neck Lebiaabdominalis'm numbers, the species not having been taken before in this locality; also stating that on the same date Micro- hapla porcata was taken: a great variety of species being found as the weather was very mild at the time.
It was moved by Mr. Fox that Mr. Wenzel be requested to convey the thanks of the Social to Mr. Ottomar Reinecke for his generous remembrance of the Coleopterists of the Social. ~~Z
No further business being presented the Social adjourned to the annex at 10. 10 P. M. ^-"C^ 0 p j
THEO. H. SCHMITZ,
OBITUARY.
WILLIAM GRKY, gardener to the late Hon. Erastus Corning, [died at his home, Corning Farm, Albany, N. Y., Nov. 25th last, 69 years of age; deceased was a well-known collector of Lepidoptera for many years and leaves his collection of many thousand specimens to his son Robert, who is also interested in the same field.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for December was mailed December i, 1897.
EXT. NEWS, Vol. IX.
PI. II.
OSAGE ORANGE INJURED BY WOOD BORERS.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. ix. FEBRUARY, 1898. No. 2.
CONTENTS:
Laurent— Osage Orange injured by Fiske— Notes on the distribution of
wood borers 33 Rhopalocera of New Hampshire.... 42
Rowle\ — Interesting collecting near Editorial 45
home 34 ; Notes and News 47
Coquillett— Synopsis of the Asilid genus Entomological Literature 49
Ospriocerus 37
Letcher — Variation of Pyrameis carye 38 Wickham — Recollections of old collect- grounds 39
Doings of Societies 53
OSAGE ORANGE INJURED BY WOOD BORERS.
By PHILIP LAURENT.
In the suburban parts of Philadelphia the Osange Orage is ex- tensively used in forming hedges around fields and gardens, and for this purpose it excels all other plants, as aside from its fine appearance it forms an almost impregnable barrier against tres- passers.
It was on July 4, 1895, that I first had my attention called to the number of Dorcaschema wildii and a lie mat um that were in- festing a certain hedge near my home at Mt. Airy. In the course of an hour's time, with the aid of my friend, Mr. Horace Rodd, I secured seventy-five wildii and about twice that number of alternatum. During the following Winter I secured from this hedge — which was about one hundred yards in length — two sec- tions from the limb of a tree, each section being about four feet in length and from three to five inches in diameter (see Plate II). On arriving home I cut the sections into smaller ones and placed them in the breeding cage. The first beetles made their appear- ance on June 18, and from that time until the middle of July they continued to emerge. Nearly all the specimens proved to be alternatum, only one or two wildii making their appearance. Two specimens of Neoclytus erythroccphalus also emerged. Iu all thirty-eight specimens emerged.
34 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
Prof. Riley, in the "American Entomologist," vol iii, p. 270, states that the larvae of wildii and alternatum no doubt feed in the roots of the plant. I admit, not without a doubt, however, that this may be true as far as the larvae of wildii is concerned, but it will not apply t*o the closely allied species alternatum, as my observations go to show.
Miss Mary E. Murtfeldt, in "Insect Life," vol. v, p. 155, states that the larvae of wildii bore the older wood of the tree, and I am very much inclined to accept this statement as being correct, for if we examine the trunks of the trees in an old hedge we will often find them to contain many large borings, such as we would suppose the larvae of wildii would make. Messrs. Webster and Mally, of Ohio, have reared Cyllene pictus from the Osage Orange (see Bulletin No. 9, New Series. U. S. Depart- ment of Agricultuie), but as yet this beetle has not been found on the Osage Orange around Philadelphia; furthermore, in my experience, Cyllene pictus only attacks the dead or dying trees. I therefore think it more than likely that the large borings ob- served in the trunks of live Osage Orange trees are made by the larvae of Dorcaschema wildii.
The specimens figured in the plate were cut from the sections mentioned in the fore part of this article.
-o-
INTERESTING COLLECTING NEAR HOME.
By R. R. ROWLEY, Louisiana, Mo.
It is gratifying, this hot weather, to have one's collecting ground not far from the front door. There is a little enclosure of two or three acres just across the street and when I tire of other employment I scale the fence and wade into the weedy jungle. There are patches of Croton capitatum here and there, and I come away laden with eggs, larvae and pupae of An<za andria. In the past three weeks I have collected over two hundred well-grown larvae of this butterfly. True, some have died, but I have already ten imagoes, besides the fifty-five pupae hanging in my boxes and nearly a hundred larvae still feeding. This is a most hardy insect, well protected from its enemies in all its stages by mimicry, and rarely affected by parasites. Some grown " worms," when ready to suspend, turn black and hang,
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 35
head down, a putrid mass. Some pupae are deformed, but not more than one finds in nature. Like the larvae, putrid pupae occur, but they are few in number. The natural enemies of an-
dria may attack it in the eg^, but the loss even here is small in my experience.
In the three weeks' collecting in this pasture I have yet to see the first imago flitting about the plants. In fact, I haven't seen a single butterfly of this species inside the inclosure, save a few specimens just escaped from the pupae. It takes over twenty- four hours to pupate after the larva of andria suspends. A short time after suspension the caterpillar has almost converted itself into a circle, the head nearly touching the extremity of the abdomen.
About three-quarters of an hour prior to pupation the sus-, pended larva begins a slight motion that is mostly perceptible near the head and is up and down, with but little lateral move- ment. The extremity of the abdomen becomes whitish and there is a slight slipping forward of the newly formed pupa within. On each side of the second thoracic segment of the larva at this stage is a large, oblong dirty colored blister, but what purpose these serve is unknown to the writer. As the motions of the larva continue the skin may be seen to be loosening and the pupa within alternately expanding and relaxing in the effort to burst the larval skin. The splitting begins on the dorsal side of the second segment and extends forward and backward as the ante- rior part of the pupa is forced out. The weight of the pupa and its motions soon free it from the larval skin. Just as the slit in the skin begins the larva straightens itself out. The ventral side of the skin not tearing retards motion on that .side so that the ventral creases of the pupa are able to hold on to the old larval skin till the cremaster is free and finally well fastened to the white silk button above. It is interesting to see the pupa in the act of attaching itself to the silk button. It requires great muscular exertion, and if at first he doesn't succeed he tries again and again. After the hooks are fast a vigorous circular movement of the pupa knocks the larval skin down, and motion, except an up and down one to shorten the chrysalis, ceases. The hardening and coloring processes require some hours longer.
In general outline, the larva of andria reminds one some- what of Endamns. Its chrysalis, though much smaller, is not
36 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
unlike that of Archippus. The imago is the dead-leaf butterfly of North America and with its wings erect defies detection, as the pupa, under its shelter of green leaves, escapes the notice of its enemies. The young larva of andria, with its perch made of excretory matter, allies the insect to Limenitis disippus, while its case-making gives it a kinship to the Papilios.
The seed of Croton capitation is a hemispheric nut and fur- nishes food for a small black weevil, a slender, long-snouted fellow, that doubles himself all up like a possum when you dis- turb him. I have taken numbers of these small beetles in the early morning on the fruit heads, but hidden in the abandoned leaf cases as the day grows warmer.
Just inside a neighbor's fence is a small bunch of milkweed, and this has furnished a score of Danais archippus larvae. From the pupae of a number of these, maggots of a dipter escaped by ;'glue" threads to the bottom of the box where they pupated and later emerged as flies.
One archippiis pupa fell, as it was " born" without a cremaster. The posterior extremity of this pupa was well formed, a smooth black dot taking the place of the anchor. This peculiarity of structure was probably due to the diseased condition of the larva.
Over on the hill, a few hundred yards away, are walnut trees that furnish larvae of luna and jug land is, while from the papaw bushes, on the side, I have taken the caterpillars of Papilio ajax and the hawk Dolba hylceus.
To the south, a quarter of a mile, is Noix Creek bottom, and there numbers of Terias lisa, Nathalis iole and Callidryas eubulc are found sipping at mud or flitting about the low weeds at mid- day. On the iron-weed blossoms are the Papilios: cresphontes, turnus, troilus, philenor and ajax, while along the dusty road is Junonia ccenia flies.
A rare butterfly in this county is Melitcca phceton, but a single specimen having been taken here, so far as I know. On the Hinkston Creek, in Boone County, early last June, I found this butterfly fairly common.
Mr. Dodge reports a single specimen each of Terias mexicana and Feniseca tarquinius from near Louisiana.
Along the C. A. & St. L. R. R. track, halfway between the creek and home, the low willow bushes have given me thirteen fine larvae of the Sphinx, Smerinthus geminatus and many young
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 37
caterpillars of Limenitis disippus, while from the trailing wild grape vines I have obtained a dozen magnificent achemon
worms.'
The full grown larva of Philampelus retires to the stem of the plant after feeding at night and may be found by lifting up the vine.
The larva of ajax, feeding on the 'big leaves of the papaw, makes no retreat for itself, but rests on the underside of the foliage. The caterpillar of troilus is always to be found on the upperside of the leaf of sassafras in a silken case made by draw- ing the edges of the leaf together. The habits of turnns are similar to those of troilus. The full grown larvae of cresphontes are to be found on the body of the bush, near the ground, feed- ing wholly at night, perhaps. I have taken the latter on the hop tree and prickly ash.
SYNOPSIS OF THE ASILID GENUS OSPRIOCERUS.
By D. W. Coquillett, Washington, D. C.
The following table contains all the species of Ospriocerus known to occur in this country north of Mexico. Rliadainanthus Loew and minos O. S. are unknown to me in nature ; ceacides Loew is a synonym of abdominalis Say. The latter name is not preoccupied in this genus, and there is, therefore, no necessity for replacing it with tzacus, proposed by Wiedemann.
1. Abdomen largely \ellow 2.
Abdomen wholly black minos O. S.
2. Venter of abdomen wholly black 3.
Venter largely yellow ; black, the entire abdomen except the first seg- ment, base of the second and the genitalia, yellow ; in the female the apex and sometimes the underside of the last segment is black; pulvilli and bases of tarsal claws yellowish, all hairs and bristles black except the short hairs of the abdomen, which are chiefly yellow ; wings blackish, with a strong purplish reflection ; length 20 to 23 mm. Arizona. Three males and two females.
ventralis n. sp.
3. Sides of abdomen destitute of a row of black spots 4.
Sides of abdomen each marked with such a row rhadamaiithus Loew.
4. Hind corners of the second and following two or three segments of
abdomen, at least ventrally, whitish pollinose entroplius Loew.
Hind corners of second and other segments of abdomen destitute of
whitish pollen abdominalis Say.
38 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
VARIATION OF PYRAMEIS CARYE Hiibner. By BEVERLY LETCHER, San Francisco.
Pyrameis carye n. var. muelleri. — Varies from typical carye in extension of fulvous markings at expense of black on primaries and the replacing by white of the blue and to some extent the black on secondaries. Pri- maries: apical white spots develop into dashes extending more or less to outer margin of wing, with the exception of the broad marginal band, which is black, and the inner margin and base of wing, which are dusky; the entire wing below the median vein is bright fulvous. Secondaries: the black encircled blue spots become white, or bluish white, the encir- cling black sometimes disappearing; the submarginal interrupted band is wanting.
It is only within the last few years that any variation in this species, the commonest of our day flyers, was noticed by the writer. Previous to that time it had been considered the em- bodiment of constancy. I had, it is true, taken in the Fall of 1892 a remarkable "sport," but its like I never expected to see again. This specimen was forwarded to the late Mr. Neumoegen and without doubt is still with his collection.
Sometime after this Mr. Ammori of this city, now deceased, pointed out to me in his collection two of the same form; then Mr. Rivers showed me at the University of California a specimen somewhat damaged, having been gathered in by hand. Later Mr. G. T. O. Mueller called my attention to three which he had, and last Fall I was fortunate enough to take another myself.
While this form is very rare, it is still found with such fre- quency as to entitle it to a name. Whether it is a remarkable case of "aberration," a number taking the same form, or an example of the evolution of a true variety time only will tell. Mr. Mueller has several intergrades showing variation from typi- cal carye to this form in two directions. In the first, there is the gradual restriction of the black of the primaries and extension of the red without change on the secondaries; in the other the blue spots of secondaries are replaced by white with but slight change in the markings of the primaries.
With the exception of one, all of these variations have been taken late in the Fall.
EXT. NEWS, Vol. IX.
PI. III.
PYRAMEIS CARYE AND VAR. MUELLERI.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 39
RECOLLECTIONS OF OO COLLECTING GROUNDS.
By H. F. WICKHAM, Iowa City, Iowa.
III.— THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY (Continued).
Water beetles were only superficially collected, chiefly by dragging out great masses of algae from sloughs and thus secur- ing the beetles which became entangled in them. Several Hydro- philidas were obtained by simply stirring up the mud near the banks and picking out the floating specimens of Helophorini and Hydrobiini. One Dytiscid which seems to deserve especial mention is Eretes sticticus. It inhabits, besides certain portions of the southwestern United States, also Europe, Asia, Africa, • Oceanica, South and Central America.
Several interesting species belonging to various small families of Clavicorns were obtained. Anisostida seiiata was beaten from "sea oats" on Padre Island, a low sandy strip lying off Point Isabel, the port of Brownsville. The sand here was so hot that spiders or ants shaken from the plants died in a few seconds, going through the contortions exhibited by an insect which falls on a hot stove. I found that an Oxacis frequenting these same "sea-oats" took flight so quickly on being disturbed that it was a matter of some difficulty to capture more than a small percentage of those falling into my net ; but by closing the mouth of the bag and holding it flat on the sand they were soon over- come by the heat and rendered nearly helpless and could then be picked out with no trouble. Near the town Coccinella abdo- minalis was found abundantly; Chilocor us cacti was met with occasionally and three species of Scymnns: collaris, cinctus and terminatus were among the contents of the beating net. Quite a colony of Epipocus cinctns was discovered on a polyporoid fungus growing close to the ground on a dead tree trunk, and several of them had strayed out among the dead leaves near by. This insect is not uncommon in Southern Texas, and I have else- where described the curious larva which is found in the same situations as the beetles. Languria Iceta feeds on Argcmonc mexicana, and numbers may often be beaten from a single plant. Cryptorhopalum balteaium frequents the blossoms of mesquite. Two species of Ttntriosoma, chalybcuin Horn and cornigerum Chevr. , were found under bark or else in the beating net after working under dead vines.
40 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
In the Serricorn series some of the more conspicuous forms only will be spoken of. The beautiful phosphorescent Elaterid, Pyrophorus physoderus, was rather rare at the time of my visit, though probably more abundant in proper season, Chrysobothris octocola was moderately abundant on huisache* Collops vittaius was common near the river and about the margins of the sloughs (or resacas as they are locally termed), while a pair of C. baltea- tus was seen on the great alkali flats between Brownsville and the sea. Fence posts of native leguminous wood, were badly infested by Sinoxylon sericans and beating tangled thickets was certain to produce plenty of 6". dinoderoides which came no doubt from dead twigs and branches. Amphicerus ptindipennis was found boring in the solid wood and occasionally just under the bark of hnisache, while Polycaon obliquus and plicatns were attracted to light. Two specimens of Elasmocerus tenninatus were captured, one in my room, another by beating. C/erus abrnptus was rare, C. quadrisignatns more common, the latter chiefly about yuccas or under loose bark. Chariessa vestita, one of our most beautiful insects, with violaceous upper surface and sanguineous abdomen was twice seen running about on fence posts in the hot sunshine. One Cregya vetusla and several C. oculata were taken by beating tangles of vines and bushes. A great number of Rhipidandrns peninsularis (described from Lower California by Dr. Horn), inhabited a polyporoid fungus, boring through it like some species of Cis.
Lamellicorns were few; Canthon Itzvis was abundant along the stage line, especially in sandy spots, but much less common at Bro\ynsville. C. ebemis occurred farther up the river at Laredo, while a single C. simplex was found in July. Charidium histeroidcs put in an appearance occasionally. Onthophagus cribricolli?. was found in small numbers under dung in the pastures attached to Fort Brown. At<znius abditus and strigahis, Aphodius vitfatus, ruricola and lividus all came to hand at times, but nothing large or fine was seen with the exception of Stratcgus julianus. a single specimen of which flew across my path, to its own destruction on the evening preceding my departure.
Cerambycidae were tolerably numerous and several forms prove to be new, either to science or to our fauna, while others are
* A thorny leguminous tree, belonging to the group of Mimosas. It is abundant near Brownsville.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 4!
very rarely seen in American collections. Achryson surinamum occurred once, Ebtiria ovicollis often — both at light. Elaphidion mcestum inhabits thickets and is to be obtained by beating tangles. A single example of E. irroratnm was taken from a leguminose tree on the high barren ''yucca ridges." Ibidion exclamation is Thorns , was captured once. Piezocera serraticollis was found in the same thickets as Elaphidion mcestum — it is a very curious looking creature of a shining chestnut color and with broad flattened antennze which give it a characteristic appearance. Phy- tonpallidum and Euderces reichei were, together, beaten from the vines which seem to overgrow most of the hedges and bushes along the roadsides. Cyllene crhiicornis was tolerably abundant on a certain fence, evidently ovipositing in the liuisache posts. Every time I passed the place I got a few, and sometimes half a dozen might be seen at once. They are wary and rather hard to catch, flying at a slight alarm; Neoclytus luscns and erythro- cephalus each occurred once. A remarkably fine example of Monilema ulkei was found under a fallen yucca trunk high upon the ridges toward the Gulf. It seems to be the second specimen known from the United States and is easily recognized by the pretty pattern of whitish pubescence ornamenting the upper sur- face. Ataxia crypta was rather common, especially in the cotton- fields ; Aporataxia lineata rather rare in the thickets ; Ecyrus fasciatus is another jungle haunter, and by its coloration bears a most deceptive resemblance to a bit of mouldy wood, though Desmiphora mexicana (of which a single specimen was beaten from a vine covered hedge) is even more deceiving by the irregu- lar outline communicated by a covering of hairs in crests and lines of white, gray and brown. Dorcasta cinerea looks like a slender broken twig — I found it on cotton chiefly, but once on Soldnum. Oncideres texana breeds freely in huisachc, and on the same plant I got one magnificent specimen of the hitherto unique O. piistulata, described from Laredo. Mecas pergrata and M. inornala were both met with, but rarely. In the wooded river bottom back of Fort Brown two specimens of Amphionycha ainoena and one of A. flammata var. ardens were beaten into my net. Several of the above-mentioned Longhorns have only lately been described in the works of Hamilton and Linell.
'
40
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[February,
In the Serricorn series some of the more conspicuous forms only will be spoken of. The beautiful phosphorescent Elaterid, Pyrophorus physoderus, was rather rare at the time of my visit, though probably more abundant in proper season, Chrysobothris octocola was moderately abundant on huisache* Collops vittatiis was common near the river and about the margins of the sloughs (or resacas as they are locally termed), while a pair of C. baliea- tus was seen on the great alkali flats between Brownsville and the sea. Fence posts of native leguminous wood, were badly infested by Sinoxylon sericans and beating tangled thickets was certain to produce plenty of S. dinoderoides which came no doubt from dead twigs and branches. Amphicerus pundipennis was found boring in the solid wood and occasionally just under the bark of Indsache, while Polycaon obliquus and plicatiis were attracted to light. Two specimens of Elasmoceriis terminatus were captured, one in my room, another by beating. C/erus abruptus was rare, C. quadrisignatus more common, the latter chiefly about yuccas or under loose bark. Chariessa vestita, one of our most beautiful insects, with violaceous upper surface and sanguineous abdomen was twice seen running about on fence posts in the hot sunshine. One Cregya vetusla and several C. oculata were taken by beating tangles of vines and bushes. A great number of Rhipidandrus peninsularis (described from Lower California by Dr. Horn), inhabited a polyporoid fungus, boring through it like some species of Cis.
Lamellicorns were few; Canthon Icevis was abundant along the stage line, especially in sandy spots, but much less common at iroma
Brownsville. C. ebenus occurred farther up the river at Laredo, larout
while a single C. simplex was found in July. Charidinm histeroidcs put in an appearance occasionally. Onthophagus cribricolli? was found in small numbers under dung in the pastures attached to Fort Brown. Atcenins abditus and strigatus, Aphodius viltatus, ruricola and lividus all came to hand at times, but nothing large or fine was seen with the exception of Strategics jidianns. a single specimen of which flew across my path, to its own destruction on the evening preceding my departure.
Cerambycidse were tolerably numerous and several forms prove to be new, either to science or to our fauna, while others are
* A thorny leguminous tree, belonging to the group of Mimosas. It is abundant near Brownsville.
,
1898.]
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
very rarely seen in American collections. Achryson surinamum occurred once, Eburia ovicollis often — both at light. Elaphidion iiiccsfnin inhabits thickets and is to be obtained by beating tangles. A single example of E. irroratum was taken from a leguminose tree on the high barren "yucca ridges." Ibidion exclamationis Thorns , was captured once. Piezocera scrraticollis was found in the same thickets as Elaphidion mcesium — it is a very curious looking creature of a shining chestnut color and with broad flattened antennae which give it a characteristic appearance. Phy- ton pallidum and Euderces reichei were, together, beaten from the vines which seem to overgrow most of the hedges and bushes along the roadsides. Cyllene crhucornis was tolerably abundant on a certain fence, evidently ovipositing in the huisache posts. Every time I passed the place I got a few, and sometimes half a dozen might be seen at once. They are wary and rather hard to catch, flying at a slight alarm; Neoclytus luscus and erythro- cephalus each occurred once. A remarkably fine example of Monilema ulkei was found under a fallen yucca trunk high upon the ridges toward the Gulf. It seems to be the second specimen known from the United States and is easily recognized by the pretty pattern of whitish pubescence ornamenting the upper sur- face. Ataxia crypto, was rather common, especially in the cotton- fields ; Aporataxia lineata rather rare in the thickets ; Ecyrus fasciatus is another jungle haunter, and by its coloration bears a most deceptive resemblance to a bit of mouldy wood, though Desmiphora mexicana (of which a single specimen was beaten from a vine covered hedge) is even more deceiving by the irregu- lar outline communicated by a covering of hairs in crests and lines of white, gray and brown. Dorcasta cinerea looks like a slender broken twig — I found it on cotton chiefly, but once on Solarium. Oncideres texana breeds freely in huisache, and on the same plant I got one magnificent specimen of the hitherto unique O. pustulata, described from Laredo. Jlfecas pcrgrata and M. inornaia were both met with, but rarely. In the wooded river bottom back of Fort Brown two specimens of Amphionvcha (iiincna and one of A. flammata var. ardens were beaten into my net. Several of the above-mentioned Longhorns have only lately been described in the works of Hamilton and Linell.
•
'
.
.
42 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
NOTES ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF RHOPALOCERA OF
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
By W. F. FISKE.
The following notes are additions to those published in the NEWS for October, 1896. Since those were written there has passed two collecting seasons, one of which was spent in Web- ster and the other in Durham. Webster is situated near the center of the State a few miles west of Concord. Durham is about fifty miles to the southeast, and is situated on an arm of the sea. The difference in the insect fauna of the two localities is great, considering their proximity, but may easily be explained to a great extent by the difference in the snowfall between the two- localities. In Durham, owing to its proximity to the sea, much of the Winter precipitation, which falls in the form of snow in the interior, takes the form of rain, thus depriving hibernating in- sects of the necessary shelter. The following is a brief account of some of the more noticeable differences.
All the large species of Argynnis were comparatively scarce in Durham. This is especially true of idalia. The small species were not so much affected. Melitcsa phceton and M. harrisii were about equally common in both localities, but P. nycteis, so common in Webster, did not occur at all in Durham, and tharos was more abundant in the latter place. Vanessa milberti, one of the more common butterflies inland and known to occur there in its usual numbers, was at the same time so rare in Durham that not a single specimen was seen in the course of a season's collecting. Lwienitis arthemis was only represented by one speci- men in Durham, the place occupied by that species in Webster being taken by ursula, which is rare, if not unknown there. The form proserpina seems to be about equally common in both locali- ties, but there is no dividing line between it and ursula. Satyrus alope was very common in Durham, but there was no trace of nephclc in any specimens seen or taken. Neither Dcbis port- landia nor Neonympha canthus was seen. Thccla strigosa was fairly common, but titus, calanus and acadica were all wanting. Of the early Spring forms, henrici and augustus were very scan < , and niphon was but little more common. At the same time in Webster niphon was in its usual abundance, and henrici and au- gustus were more common than I ever saw them before. I could
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 43
find no suitable locality for Chrysophanus epixanthe in Durham, so that its absence was no occasion for remark. C. thce, which is one of the greatest rarities in Webster, appears not uncommon on the salt marshes in Durham. Pamphila otho egeremet, though fairly common in Webster, was really abundant in Durham, but P. bimaciila and manataaqua were both absent. P. hianna was quite common in Durham, though I never met with it in Web- ster. Besides P. hianna I took the following species for the first time in Durham : Theda smilacis, several specimens in May; Junonia coznia, one seen August 24th, in fine condition; another taken September i4th, slightly worn; Terias lisa, a perfect fe- male, August i5th; Nisoniades lucilhus, or what I take to be this species, was quite common, though in poor condition, in a locality where its food-plant (AqtdlegieC) grew in abundance, on May nth.
The following species were taken or seen for the first time in Webster during the season of 1896 : Lyccena scudderi, a single female in poor condition, June 6th; Meganostoma ccesonia, sev- eral specimens seen during the month of June. Unfortunately none could be taken, but there can be no doubt as to their iden- tity. I think that this is the first time that either of the above species have been recorded from New England. Papilio philenor. a single example in perfect condition was taken in Webster by Mr. C. F. Goodhue early in May; Euptoieta claudia, one speci- men, July 7th.
During the first week in August, 1897, I had an opportunity to collect in Pittsburg and Stewartstown, N. H., and the adjacent portions of Canada. As might be expected the insect fauna differed much from that at Durham. With the possible excep- tion of Colias philodice, Satyrus nephele was the most common butterfly. It swarmed on the flowers of golden rod in company with Argynnis myrina in almost incredible numbers, but not one alope was seen, and only one or two that showed any signs of the yellow band in the form of a yellowish cloud around the eye- spots. Argynnis atlantis and A. aphrodite were both common on golden rod, but no cybele were seen. It appeared to be rather early for the Graptas, but several faunus and one or two each of progne and comma were taken. A single gracilis was seen, but escaped my net by a very narrow margin. Pieris rap.r was extremely abundant everywhere, and oleracea appeared not
44 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
rare, but had an unpleasant habit of turning up unexpectedly in the most inaccessible places. One of the greatest surprises await- ing me was the occurrence of several fresh examples of Pam- phila mystic. This species is one of the most common skippers in the southern parts of the State, where it is double brooded, the first brood appearing the last of May and first of June, and the second the very last of August or first of September. This last brood is very scattering in numbers, not more than three or four being seen in any one season, in great contrast to the large numbers appearing in May and June. It is very rarely that a specimen of the early brood lingers into July, and the first record which I have of the appearance of the second brood is August 24th, and the greater part of those that I have seen have been in September. The occurrence in the north of fresh specimens and in considerable numbers on the first of August denotes an en- tirely different life-history, and further information on this sub- ject would be of interest. Other butterflies seen were: Argynnis bellona, scarce ; Phyciodes tharos, common ; Vanessa antiopa, Pyrameis atalanta, P. huntera, Lhnenitis disippus, Neonympha canthus, Clirysophanus hypophlceas, Papilio asterias, Pamphila peckius, fresh; P. cernes, badly) worn. The day-flying moths were numerous, among them being: Lycomorpha pholus, com- mon ; Scepsis fulvicollis, one; Ctenucha virginica, common; Rynchagrotis chardinyi, common ; Hydrcecia nictitans, Feltia subgothica, Carneades redimacu/a and several other noctuids which fly by night. Plusia bimacula was quite common, flying up out of the grass when disturbed. Rynchagrotis chardinyi was the most common moth on the flowers of Eupatorium pur- piireum in the evening. It was in poor condition, but scores of specimens could easily have been taken on one little patch of the herb.
A MEMORIAL MEETING, commemorative of Harrison Allen, M.D. and George H. Horn, M.D., was held in the library hall of The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, on Friday evening, December 31, 1897. Addresses were made by Dr. E. J. Nolan, S. N. Rhoades, Dr. D. G. Brinton and Prof. J. B Smith. Dr. Henry C. McCook was to have delivered an address, but was prevented from being present by illness. The Entomological Society of Washington appointed Mr. Wm. H. Ashmead a delegate to represent that society at the meeting.
I893.]
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NKWS solicit, and will thankfully receive items of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.]
To Contributors. -All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfei- ence, as to make it necessary to put "copy" into the hands of the printer, for each number, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five "extras" without change in form will be given free when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. — ED.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., FEBRUARY, 1898.
Specimens of Natural History in the Foreign Mails. Those who were interested in the attempt to secure a reduction of postage on specimens of Natural History in the international mails, to which we have referred in the numbers of the NEWS for October, 1893 (p. 266), February, 1894 (?• 42), and March, 1897 (p. 55), may desire to have a somewhat fuller statement of the success attained in May last, than was contained in the ne\\^- papers at the time. The references just given are all concerned with the labors of a Committee, appointed by the Acadenu Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, September 5, 1893, to secure the admission of specimens of natural history to the mails of tin- Universal Postal Union as samples of merchandise and under tin- rates therefor — one cent for every two oun< In December last, this Committee made its final report to the Academy and was discharged. Its report stated (inter alia) :
Your Committee have now hut to make its official report of the generally well-known fact that the proposed modification as regards Natural History specimens was adopted at the Washington Congress ot th< Universal Postal Union in May last. The adoption of this modification is referred to by the Superintendent of Foreign Mails of tin- I'. S. Post Office, Mr. N. M. Brooks, in his Report for tin- fiscal yeai ended June 30, 1897, and dated Washington, Oct. 13, 1897. The p e is
as follows: Alluding to the work of the Universal i'nstal Congn ss, Mr. Brooks says (p. 7), "The following are, however, matters interest or importance which it may be well to mention, vi/.: (4) Natural History specimens are admitted at the rate and under the
46 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
conditions applicable to samples of merchandise." The same Report contains the full text of the convention concluded by the Congress, and on page 42 contains the paragraph in question (chap, iii, art. xvii, parag. 5) as follows: "There are likewise admitted at the rate applicable to samples, articles of natural history, dried or preserved animals and plants, geological specimens etc., which are not transmitted for a com- mercial purpose, and which are wrapped in conformity with the general stipulations concerning samples of merchandise. ' ' The rate for samples is fixed at 5 centimes for every fifty grams, that is i cent for every two ounces. According to art. 28 of chapter i, this Convention is not to.be put into execution until January i, 1899.
Your Committee has, therefore, fulfilled its labors and congratulates the Academy that the end aimed at in the first circular [see the NEWS for October, 1893, p. 266] issued by the Academy has been completely achieved. This result is the more gratifying in view of the predictions of failure freely expressed when your Committee entered upon its labors. It would, of course, be presumptuous to claim that the Acad- emy's endeavors have been more than one of the factors in this achieve- ment, but in such an international matter every such factor is of great importance.
It may not be amiss to add here, for the benefit of our readers, further extracts from the above quoted Convention of the Univer- sal Postal Union contained in Mr. Brook's Report pp. 27 et seq.
" Packets of samples of merchandise may not contain any article having a salable value; they must not exceed 350 grams [12.35 Avoirdupois ounces] in weight, or measure more than 30 centimetres [n.8 inches] in length, 20 centimetres [7.87 inches] in breadth, and 10 centimetres [3.93 inches] in depth, or, if they are in the form of a roll, 30 centimetres [i 1.8 inches] in length and 15 centimetres [5.9 inches] in diameter." (chap, i, art. 5, sect. 5).
" It is forbidden: First, to send by mail: (a) samples and other articles which, from their nature, may prove dangerous to the postal employees, soil or injure the correspondence; (b) explosive, inflammable or danger- ous substances, animals and insects, living or dead, excepting the cases provided for in the Regulations of detail."* (chap, i, art. 16, sect. 3).
The conditions which must be observed for the transmission of samples of merchandise remain as before — the packages to admit o( easy inspec- tion, not to " bear any manuscript other than the name or the social posi- tion of the sender, the address of the addressee, a manufacturer's or a trade-mark, numbers of order, prices and indications relating to weight and size, as well as to the quantity to be disposed of, or those which are necessary to precisely indicate the origin and nature of the merchandise," while articles of glass, liquids, oils, fatty substances and dry powders must be packed to prevent their damaging, or escaping into, the other contents of mails (chap, iii, art. xvli).
* The ''Regulations of detail and, order for the Execution of the Convention" form chapter iii, from which the most important— to naturalists— of our preceding quotations is taken.
iSgS.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 47
Notes and
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE.
PHOTOGRAPHS for the album of the American Entomological Society have been received from William L. W. Field and Charles C. Adams.
WE have received one dollar for the NEWS from Station E, Brooklyn, N. Y., January 3rd. Will subscriber please send his name and address? -Eds.
HABITS OF A WASP. — A small blackish wasp (Agenia architecta Say),. was noticed at Iowa City, Iowa, July 27th, dragging off a spider ( Trache- las tranqiiilla Hentz) about one-fourth longer and much heavier than itself. The legs of the spider had been bitten off at the junction of the coxae and trochanters in order, no doubt, to render the body more easy to handle. The wasp dragged it by straddling the corpse and grasping it with her jaws near the tip of the ventral surface of the abdomen, thus allowing only the hard cephalothoracic dorsum to touch the ground and reducing the friction to a minimum. Both specimens are deposited in the National Museum and, through the kindness of Mr. F. W. True, the names were furnished by Messrs. Ashmead and Banks. — H. F. WICKHAM.
READING the editorial note in the October number of the ENTOMO- LOGICAL NEWS on "Late Collecting" I could not help thinking what a foreign sound to me there was in the expression "net and cyanide jar will be put away for future use." Here the cyanide jar is never in disuse. On sunny days, be the month December, January or June, butterflies and dragonflies are to be found, to say nothing of the beetles, of which there is always a daily quota for the cyanide bottle. In connection with this I would mention the capture of a specimen (flying) of Pleocoma behrensii on December i6th, not a weather-beaten specimen at the tag end of life, but a bright one just emerged. I would also record the finding of Litw- dcndron rugosum at an elevation of 3500 feet in dead trunks of Alniis rhoinbifolia. This is about two hundred miles south of its known south- ern limit I believe. — RALPH HOPPING, Kaweah, Tulare Co., California.
THERE is a character in this city of pronounced German origin, who is an enthusiastic entomologist. Nearly every evening he may be seen with his net in hand, looking for favorable specimens of the insect world. His favorite places are against screen doors and windows, within the glare of the electric lights, where he secures many specimens. Thursday evening a crowd of bystanders who were watching his operations saw him .sud- denly stoop down and grab at something on the floor. He gave a sharp exclamation and jumped back. He put his boot on the object and crushed it, then ro:nm -need sucking his thumb very solicitously. Joe Cramer, one of the spectators, said it must have been a scorpion. An exclama- tion of pain passed over the entomologist's face as he exclaimed, "] found dot out.' — PHOKNIX, ARI/.
48 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
ANENT the letter from " W. R. H." I was thinking only a few days ago that the NEWS seemed to run more to decsriptive matter than formerly and wondered if this change was made purposely or because of lack of any other sort of material. Maybe I am wrong in thinking that there is any change. I have not looked over the old numbers to see if I am right or not. Even now I always find more pleasure in reading of someone's experiences in the field or an account of the habits of even common insects than in the perusal of heavy descriptions of species or quarrels over the taxonomic value of a spine or a wing vein. Of course all these things have to go in to make up a journal which will appeal to all classes. But I wonder after all what do the " mere collectors " want? I started out in the collecting of insects with no more literature than a "continued story" entitled : "Rambles after Insects," which appeared in an English magazine brought over with us when we first landed on the shores of America. I didn't know where to get anything else nor what to ask for even, yet it wasn't long before I was using a borrowed copy of LeConte's "Classification" and taking instructions as to mounting and collecting from Packard's "Instructions" published by the Smithsonian Institute. I well remember how pleased I was with my copy of Say's "Entomology" which represented my savings for a long time. Then one of my friends sent me a sample copy of " Entomologica Americana " and, through cor- respondence with those whose names I saw, I finally got some slight idea as to how things were done. — H. F. W.
ENTOMOLOGISTS in general, and lepidopterists in particular, may be interested in learning that the little son of the late Rev. Dr. A. Good, who was his father's companion and aid in collecting the many species of West African Lepidoptera, described by Dr. Holland, now resides with his widowed mother in Wooster, Ohio, and is fast developing into an enthusiastic and careful collector. Though but a boy of 12 or 13 years, he has already collected and carefully mounted nearly all of the common flutterflies and moths, occurring in his vicinity, and otherwise shows an aptitude that is surprising. He has very evidently imbibed or inherited from his father a love of entomology, and it seems to me that an encour- aging word from older lepidopterists would not only have a beneficial effect and be well bestowed, but also in future that they may have reason to feel gratified at having done so. Such may address Albert Good, Wooster, Ohio. — F. M. WEBSTER, Wooster, Ohio.
PRIOR to 1800 the entomological papers published in the United States numbered not more than half a dozen; and it is worthy of note that not a single description of a new species of insect appeared in print in this country until after the above date, although several naturalists in Europe had been for some time describing and naming insects sent to them by collectors in the New World. The following are all the papers published in the United States on entomological subjects before 1800, that the present writer is aware of. In the Transactions of the American Philo- sophical Society, held at Philadelphia, for promoting useful knowledge,
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
49
vol. i, 1769-1771, there is a paper entitled, "Observations concerning the Fly-Weevil, tnat destroys the Wheat; with some useful Discovei Conclusions, concerning the propagation and progress of that pi-mi. Insect, and the Methods to be used for Preventing the destruction ot Grain by it. By Colonel Landon Carter, of Sabine Hall, Virginia, com- municated by Colonel Lee, of Virginia." Pp. 208-217. Following this paper is a report on the "Same Subject, by the Committee on 1 1 usbandry. Pp. 218-224. Pages 224-230 are taken up with observations on the native Silk Worms of North America, by Moses Bartram, which was read before the Society March 11, 1768. A letter of economic interest is printed on page 243, and is entitled, "Extract of a Letter from Mr. Peter Miller, of Ephratah, to Mr. Charles Thomson, on the time of sowing pease, so as to preserve the Crop from being Worm-eaten." A second edition of this volume is dated 1789. Volume II of the same publication, dated i;S6, contains one article relating to entomology; it is entitled, "The wl Process of the Silk-Worm, from the Egg to the Coc>>n (sic), communica- ted to Dr. John Morgan, Physician at Philadelphia, in two Letters from Messrs. Hare and Skinner, Silk Merchants in London, July 27, 1774, and February 24, 1775." Pp. 347-366 In 1799, Benjamin Smith Ikirton, M.l >.. published his " Fragments of the Natural History of Pennsylvania." Of this work but one part seems to have been issued ; this is devoted primarily to the birds of Pennsylvania, but there are also observations on other animals. The concluding pages contain some notes on noxious insects. It is of interest to know that all these papers were published in Philadelphia. — WILLIAM]. Fox.
Entomological Literature.
Under the above head it is intended to note such papers received at the Ac. Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Knt<>nn>]i>i;y of the Amerk. and South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology, unless monographs, 01 taming descriptions of new genera, will not be noted. Contributions to the anat physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American species, will be recorded. The numbers in lit-av\-l';i<-«-il lypi- refer to the journa numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published; 'denotes that the paper in question contains descriptions of new North American forms.
4. The Canadian Entomologist, London, Out., Jan., '98 — it. I'syrhe, Cambridge, Mass., Jan., '98. — (5. Journal of the New York Iuitomoln-ii-.il Society, December, '97.— 8. The Entomologist's Monthly M.ig.i/ine, London, Jan., '98. — 9. The Entomologist, London, Jan., 'i>s . — 11. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, I1 7. — 12.
Comptes Rendus. L' Academic des Sciences. I'aris, '97.— 1:>. Comptes Rendus. Societe de Biologie, Paris, '97.- !•">. Biologia Centrali V icana, part cxxxviii. London, Nov., '97. — 22. /.oologiM-her Ai Leipsic, Dec. 13, '97.— 25. Bolletino dei MUM-I di Zoologia ed An.itoini. Comparata d. R. Universita di Torino, 1*1,7. --.'$<». Transactions of t'n-
50 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
Entomological Society of London, 1897, pt. iv, Dec. 16 — 5O. Proceed- ings of the U. S. National Museum, xx, Washington, '97. — 51. Novitates Zoologicse, iv, 3. Tring, England, Dec. 3, '97. — 52. Transactions of the S. African Philosophical Society, x, i. Cape Town, '97. — 53. Transac- tions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, xxix, Wellington, June, '97. — 54. Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society, xxi, 2. Lon- don, Dec., '97.— 55. Le Naturaliste, Paris, '97. — 56. Mittheilungen der schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, x, r. Schaft hausen, Nov., '97. — 57. Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhsensischen Sammelreise herausgegeben vom Naturhistorischen Museum zu Hamburg, ii, '97.— 58, Revista Chilena de Historia Natural. Fundada el i° de Octobre, 1897. Director i Redactor: Carlos E. Porter. Colaboran distinguidos especialistas nacionales i estranjeros. Valparaiso. This is a new journal of which two numbers have reached us, those for October and November, 1897. It proposes to deal with the fauna, flora, geology and mineralogy of Chile, and particularly of the province of Valparaiso, to publish original papers and bibliographical notices on biological subjects, to facilitate ex- change of specimens of natural history and to form a taste for such studies in Chile. In the number for November it is announced that the Revista will hereafter also be the organ of the Museo de Valparaiso.
The General Subject.— The Zoological Record, volume the Thirty- Third. Being Records of Zoological Literature relating chiefly to the year 1896. Edited (for the Zoological Society of London) by David Sharp. London. Printed for the Society; .... 1897. Arachnida, Myrio- poda and Prototracheata by A. W. Brown, Insecta by D. Sharp. — [Be- thune, C. J. S.] James Fletcher, portrait, 4 — Dixey, F. A. Sum- mary of Dr. Standfuss' experiments on hybridization, 3(5, Proceedings; Mr. Merrifield's experiments on the relation of temperature to variation, figs., Nature, London, Dec. 23, '97. — F 1 e i s c h m a n n , A. Lehrbuch der Zoologie. Nach morphogenetischen Gesichtspunkten bearbeitel. Spezi- eller Teil: ii. Die Wirbellosen Tiere. Wiesbaden, C. W. Kreidel's Verlag. 1898. — Goeldi, E. A. Noteworthy mimicry in a Brazilian spider of the genus Cyclosa, i pi. Zoologische Jahrbiicher, x, 5, Jena, Nov. 26, '97.— [H ensh a w , S.] George Henry Horn, 5. — J o u t el et al. [Brief notes] see Proceedings of the New York Entomological Society for 1897 in (>. — Morse, A. P. Pacific coast collecting, 5. — Phisalix, C. Antago- nism between the venom of the Vespidae and that of the Viper, the first a vaccine against the second, 13, Dec. 4. — Plateau , F. How flowers attract insects— experimental researches, parts iv, v, i pi. Bulletins de 1'Academie royale de Belgique (3), xxxiii, 9-10, it, Brussels, '97. — Por- ter, C. E. Data on the Arthropods of the province of Valparaiso, 58, Nov.; Id. and Edwards, A. [same], 58, Oct.— Tutt, J. W. Some considerations of natural genera, and incidental references to the nature of species, Proceedings South London Entom. and Nat. Hist. Society, '97. — Webb, S. A freak of nature: Lasiocampa trifolii [andromor- phous female], 8.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 51
Economic Entomology.— B o rdage , E. On two Lepidopl
injurious to sugar-cane in the Mascarene islands, 12, Dec. 20. — Drury \V. D. Garden insects, 54.— Johnson, C. \V. Some of the iniin insects of Pennsylvania, 3 pis. Annual Report of Dept. of Agi i< ulture [Pennsylvania] for 1896. Harrisburg, Dec., '97.— Lamb, S. C. The treatment of insects and fungi in the United States, 54.— L o unsb ury , C. P. Gas treatment for scale insects. Treating of th«- operations «,f the Horticultural Board's fumigating outfit, the applicability of the fumigation process in Cape Colony, and embodying a full description of the equip- ment necessary for fumigation with hydrocyanic acid gas. Report to th-- Horticultural Board by the Government Entomologist. Cape Town, June, 1897.— Mas kell, W. M. See Hemiptera.
Aracliimla.— Berlese, A. Acari Myriapoda et Scorpiones hu- cusque in Italia reperta. Ordo Cryptostigmata (Sarcoptidoe). Portici Sumptibus auctoris (Annis 1882-1897), 190 pp., 15 pis.— Goeldi, E. .\ See General Subject.— J o u rd a i n , S. On the development of Trow- bidiitin holosericewn, 12, Dec. 6.— Mask ell, W. M. On some tick- parasites of the Kiwi, i pi., 53.
Myriapoda.— At terns, C. Myriapods, figs., 57.— Giard, A. Echinospora labbei a new polysporic coccidium from the digestive tube of Myriapods, 13, Dec. 18.— de Saussure, H. Natural History of the Myriapods, atlas 12 col. pis. in Histoire Physique, Nature! le et Po- litique de Madagascar, etc., publie"e par Alfred Grandidier, 446 fascicule. Paris, 97.
Apteryg'ota »i»<l Neiiroptora.— S c h a f f e r , C. Apterygota, 3 pis. [Collembola and Thysanura], 57. — McLachlan, R. Limnophilns affinis at sea ten miles from land, 8.
Orthoptera.— Bordage, E. On the tetrameric regeneration of the tarsus in Phasmidce (transl. from CR. Acad. Sci. Paris), 11.— Gi glio- Tos, E. Orthoptera collected in Darien by Dr. E. Festa iii — Acridid.T — Gryllidas, 25, No. 301, Aug. 20; Orthoptera [from the] voyage of Dr. A. Borelli to Bolivia and the Argentine Republic, 25, No. 302, Aug. 31. — Hutton, F. \Y. The Stenopelmatida? of New Zealand, 2 pis., 53. — d e Saussure, H. and Pictet, A. Orthoptera,* pp. 321-328, 15. — Scudder, S. H. Revision of the Orthopteran group Mdanopli (Acridiidae), with special reference to North American forms" [421 pp.. 26 pis., 30 genera (18 new), 277 species (115 new i], 5O ; lit miner's g« mis M-'taleptea, 5. — Zoubowsky, N. Note on the egg-laying of the Acridiodea. Annuaire du Musee Zoologique de 1'Academie Impi • des Sciences de St. Petersburg, 1897, No. 3.
Hemiptera.— Bred din, G. Hemiptera, i pi.. 57.— Cockerel 1 . T. D. A. Anew Orlhczia* -I- ; New insects from Embudo. New M»-\' 11. — Howard, L. O. See Hymenoptera — Kirkalcly, G. \V. \\<- vision of the Notonectidas; part i. Introduction, and systematic of the genus Noloiit'c/a." 3<>; Xotes on aquatic Rhync|]<.t,i, No, t, !). — Maskell, \V. M. Further Coccid notes: with descriptions of
52 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
species, and discussion of points of interest, 5 pis. , 53. — M ontandon1 A. L. Hemiptera cryptocerata: revision of the subfamily Limnocorinas* 25, No. 297, June n. — Tinsley, J. D. Two new species of Crthe~ia* figs., 4. — Townsend, C. H. T. Locality and food-plant catalogue of Mexican Coccidae, 6.
Coleoptera.— Blan d ford , VV. F. H. Coleoptera,* vol. iv. part 6, pp. 169-176, 15. — Boileau, H. Description of a new Lucanid, figs., 55.— L e"cai lion , A. Preliminary note on the germinal layers of the Coleoptera, 12, Nov. 29; 13, Nov. 27. — Lin ell, M. New species of Coleoptera of the family Chrysomelidae with a short review of the tribe Chlamydini,* 5O. — Pe"ringuey , L. Descriptive catalogue of the Co- leoptera of South Africa. Part iii, Paussidae, 2 pis, 52. — Planet, L. Note on a case of Tetratology observed in a large Prionid, fig., 55.— Raff ray, A. Descriptive catalogue of the Coleoptera of South Africa —Part iv. Pselaphidae, 2 pis., 52. — Schoch, G. Supplement Y to the genera and species of my Cetonid collection, 5G. — Stierlin, G. Coleoptera helvetica, pp. 577-624, 5<>. — Thomas, F. On a gall-eating weevil and a control experiment in researches on insect injury to plants (Coprolysis), Entomologische Nachrichten. xxiii, 23, Berlin, Dec., '97.— Webster, F. M. Notes on various species of Coleoptera, i pi., <>.— Wickham, H. F. The Coleoptera of the lower Rio Grande Valley i, Bulletin of the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa, iv, 2, Iowa City, Dec., '97. — Xambeu, Capt. Habits and metamorphoses of insects (Longicorns) (cont), L'Echange Revue Lin- neenne. Lyon, Dec., '97.
Diptera. — Austen, E. E. Notes on the Oestrine parasites of British deer, 8. — Brown, B. Two new species ot Asilids from New Mexico.* Kansas University Quarterly (A), vi, 2. Lawrence. Kans., April, '97. Rec'd Jan. 3, 1898.— Coq u il 1 e 1 1 , D. VV. On Cuterebra emasculator, with descriptions of several allied species,* 4. — M ia 1 1 , L. C. and Sh el ford, R. The structure and life-history of Phalacrocera replicata, 4 pis., with an appendix on the literature of the earlier stages of the Cylindrotomina by Baron C. R. Osten Sacken, 36.— Townsend, C. H. T. Diptera from the lower Rio Grande or Tamau- lipan region of Texas — i,* 6. — van d e r \V u 1 p , F. M. Diptera,* vol. ii, pp. 361-368, pi. ix, 15. — Webster, F. M. Notes and observations on several species of Diptera, 4.
Lepidoptera. — Anon. Anosia ple.rippns in Australia, 5. — Beu- t e n m ii 1 1 e r . W. On the two species of Endtrmo>iia. 2 pis . <> — B ;i t - ler, A. G. A revision of the species of butterflies belonging to the genus Teracohis Swains, (cont.), 11. — Dognin, P. New Heterocera from Loja and environs (Ecuador), Annales de la Socie"te Entomologique de Belgique, xli, u, Brussels, Dec. 10, '97. — Druce, H. Lepidoptera Heterocera,* vol. ii, pp. 417-424, pis. Ixxxi-ii, 15. — Dyar, H. r,. Not* s on the larva of Lagoa pyxic/ifera, <> ; The life-histories of the New Y<,rk slug caterpillars— xii, i pi. 6; A generic revision of the Lachneiiki-
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 53
(Lasiocampidae), 4; Microccelia diphthcroidcs Grote, 4. — Edwards, W. H. Notes upon Sphinx catalpce at Coalburgh, \Y \'a., 4; Furllier observations on Papilio bairdii Edvv.. 4. — Fenn, C. et al. ( >n k<-rping pupae through the Winter, Entomologist's Record, London, Dec. 15, '97. — Godman.F. D. and Salvin. O. Lepidoptera Rlmpalocera, vol. ii, pi. xc, 15. — Grote, A. R. An attempt to classify the Holai Lepidoptera by means of the speciali/ation of the wings. Part i. The day-butterflies, 6 ; The changes in the structure of the wings of butter- flies, 36. — I ngenitzky, I. On the life-history of /J.viv//<.' i I-'pichnop- teryx) helix Sieh., 22. — Rippon, R. H. F. Icones Ornithopterorum: a monograph of the Rhopalocerous genus Ornithoptera or bird-wing but- terflies. Published by the author, London. Parts S-u, rec'd Dec. 17, 1897. —Rothschild , W. On some new butterflies and moths, 51. — Sch a u ^ , W. New species of Geometridae from tropical America,* O. — South, R. Heliothis armigera, 9. — Urech, F. Experimental results of the constriction of soft pupae of Vanessa urticfp across the wings, 22.— Warren. W. New genera and species of Thyrididae, Epiplemida- and Geometridae, from South and Central America and the West Indies, in the Tring Museum, 51. — W ebb, S. See General Subject.
Hymeiioptera. — Andre, E. Synopsis of the Mutillida- of France, Feuilles des jeunes naturalistes. Paris, Jan. i, '98 --C o c k er e 1 1 , T. D. A. See Hemiptera. — Dyar, H. G. New sawrlies (Tenthredinida-) with descriptions of larva?,* K. — Friese, H. Monograph of the bee genus PanurgiHiis (Nyl.) (Palaearctic form.;!, ,">(>. — Howard, L. O. A new parasite of the harlequin cabbage bug,* 4. — M a r c h a 1 , P. < '< >n- tribution to the study of the embryonic development of the parasitic Hymenoptera, 13, Dec. 18. — Marshall, T. A. Supplement to Br.i- conidae in Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe and d'Algerie fonde par Edmond Andre" et continue sous .... Ernest Andre, 6oe fascicule, Paris, Oct. i, '97. — Phisalix, C. See General Subject. — Taylor, G. W. Note on Trigonalys canadensis Hargtn., 4.
Doings of Societies.
The regular annual meeting of the American Entomolo^1- .il Society was held December 23, 1897, the Vice-Pn-si<icnt, 1 >r. P. P. Calvert, in the chair. The reports of the various onS were read, received and filed. During the year volume xxi the Transactions of the Society, containing 496 pages and 14 plates has been completed. Of volume xxiv there has been printed 320 pages and i plate. The chairman announced the death of the late President of the Society, Dr. (nor^r II. I l<>rn. on November 24, 1897. Dr. Skinner offered the following minute: "The American Entomological Society hereby records its «
54 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
sense of the great loss it has sustained in the death of Dr. George H. Horn, a member for thirty-seven years and its president for the last fourteen years. It gratefully acknowledges the lustre which his attainments and honors reflected upon this Society by his connection with it and the benefits which his learning and liberality conferred. It rejoices in the successes which he attained, and cherishes the memory of his labors, which form so large a part of the progress of Entomology in America." Mr. Ridings spoke of his early acquaintance with Dr. Horn, dating back forty years. Mr. Liebeck remarked on his personal acquaintance and help from the deceased. Dr. Skinner said the medical education of Dr. Horn had been of advantage in his study of the structure of insects. Mr. Welles and Dr. Calvert spoke of his personal kindness and willingness to assist the younger entomologists in their studies.
On motion the above minute was adopted and ordered to be entered on the minutes of the Society.
The following gentlemen were elected to serve as officers for the year 1898 :
President, Rev. Henry C McCook, D.D.
Vice- President, Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D.
Treasurer, Ezra T. Cresson.
Recording Secretary, Henry Skinner, M.D.
Corresponding Secretary, W. J. Eox.
Curator, Henry Skinner, M.D.
Librarian, W. J. Fox.
C E. T. Cresson,
Publication Committee, -,f C. F. Seiss,
(. B. H. Smith. JAMES H. RIDINGS, Secretory.
A meeting of the Entomological Section of The Academy of Natural Sciences was held December 23, 1897, Vice-Director Welles presiding. The chairman announced the death of the Director of the Section, Dr. Geo. Horn, on November 24, 1897, at Beesley's Point, N. J Mr. Chas. Liebeck handed over to tin- Section two species of Coleoptera, probably European, Hadrus alpinus and H. carbonari its, presented by the late Dr. Horn. Same gentleman also presented a Rhynchophorid beetle, also a European species, which had been found in a can of Schultz
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. VS
powder. Election of officers being in order the following were elected to serve for the year 1898 :
Director, Chas. S. Welles.
Vice- Director, Philip Laurent.
Treasurer, E. T. Cresson.
Conservator, Henry Skinner.
Secretary, W. J. Fox.
Recorder, Henry Skinner.
~ ( C. W. Johnson,
Publication Committee, \
( }. H. Ridings.
Dr. HENRY SKINNER, Recorder.
PHILADELPHIA, Jan. n, 1898. — A stated meeting of the Feld- man Collecting Social was held at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, 1509 S. i3th Street. Owing to President Griffith's ab- sence, who is at present visiting at Phoenix, Ariz., the annual address was necessarily omitted; it is, however, expected that he will forward a written address to be read at the next meeting.
Prof. Smith called attention to some of the common scales found in New Jersey, consisting of the oystershell scale, San Jose" scale, tulip scale and scurfy scale, twigs covered with the above- named varieties put up in glass tubes, the openings being patched with cotton to prevent moulding, were given to the Social for presentation to the local collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences.
Prof. Smith also exhibited some aquatic lepidopterous larvae found in Dreer's nurseries, Riverton, N. J., describing the in- sect's destructive work on water plants in that locality. The speaker stated that the eggs were deposited on the underside of the leaves, the larva: cutting pieces from pads of lilies, with which they cover themselves while feeding, finally pupating on the stems beneath the water, so that when the moth finally emerged it was compelled to pass through from one to four inches of water before reaching the open air. All stages of this peculiar in>e< -t were shown, the species being unknown to him. Continuing he gave an interesting account* of an experiment in grafting lepid- opterous pup*, which resulted in the production of some curi<>u> monstrosities. The experiment was made with some <>l the l.ir^e
* Abstract of a paper read at the meeting; of The American Society «l Nati. Ithaca, N. V.
56 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
species of moths, the speaker mentioning that the success of the procedure depended greatly on getting pupae of the same age, so that they would mature at the same time; even though this precaution was observed, the mortality reached about eighty per cent. The pupae were first thoroughly chilled, then quickly cut with a sharp knife, when the desired part of one pupae was soldered on to another (which had been likewise prepared) by means of melted paraffine which was in readiness.
Prof. Smith also brought a series of Orthoptera to the Social for presentation to the local collection of the Academy.
Mr. Fox called attention to a £ specimen of the genus Mu- tilla, in which the wings are rudimentary. Although all females so far known in the Mutillidae are wingless, and males rarely so, the existence of a specimen with rudimentary wings had not so far been recorded as tar as was aware. As he had seen only a single specimen of the species in question, it was not possible to say whether the abbreviated wings were a specific or an individual characteristic. It is certain, however, that the specimen men- tioned represents a species distinct from those so far known from the United States.
Mr. Johnson mentioned the capture of a specimen of Hermetia illiicens by Mr. Harry S. Viereck in Philadelphia, September 3, 1897, which species is common to the Gulf States and West Indies.
Mr. Wenzel presented to the balance of the members, who were not included in the lists of coleopterists so kindly remem- bered by Mr. Ottomar Reinecke, at the last meeting, a picture of the said gentleman bearing his compliments for each one, for which each recipient desires to extend his sincere thanks to Mr. Reinecke through the medium of the ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
There being no further verbal communications the chairman declared the meeting open to consider nominations and elections for officers to serve for the ensuing year, when the following names were presented :
President, David M. Castle, M.D. Vice- President, Charles W. Johnson. Secretary, William T Fox. Treasurer, Henry W. Wenzel.
There being no opposition the secretary was instructed to cast a ballot in favor of the nominees, upon which the election was made unanimous. A vote of thanks was then tendered the retiring secretary, complimenting him on the faithful discharge of his duties during his term of office.
No further business being presented the meeting adjourned to the annex. THEO. H. SCHMITZ, Secretary.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for January, 1898, was mailed December ;,i, 1897.
....ikvii aueiissya
A NEW TRYPETED.
(See page 69.)
EXPLANATION OF FIGURES. Fig. 1. — Rhagoletis ribicola n. sp. 9 • Fig. 4. — Larva.
2. — Ovipositor and sheath. " 5. — First two segments of larvae.
" 3. — External genitalia of male. " 6.— Pupa.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OE THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. ix. MARCH, 1898. No. 3.
CONTENTS:
Kunze— Rarse aves of the insect fauna of Arizona 57
Harvey — Contributions to the Odonata of Maine 59
Editorial 68
Economic Entomology 69
Notes and News 72
Entomological Literature 74
Baker — Five new jpecies of Phlepsius.. 65 Doings of Societies 79
RAR/E AVES OF THE INSECT FAUNA OF ARIZONA.
By Dr. R. E. KUNZE, Phoenix, Ariz.
Having for nearly two full seasons collected in Arizona, I wish to place on record a few of the good finds allotted to a passionate collector under sometimes very trying circumstances. The season never closes in S. Arizona; Coleoptera are found every month of the year. Whenever a longer breathing spell is at hand I will more fully describe the insect fauna and flora of this sun-kissed
j
land.
I will briefly refer to memorized notes, the vast amount of all material collected precluding detailed account, except for a little biological work. Of Sesiidse found one only in San Francisco Mountains, saw another of same species on flowers of Within spec, which I failed to net. This Autumn found what appears to be a Sesiid, beaten off a shrub, Hymenoclea monogyra, the arrow weed of bottoms; in all, two examples were secured early in November. Of Sphingidae, rare in S. Arizona, took at light in June, 1897, one S Dilophonota obscura, and a S Diloph. ello, middle of September. In July, 1896, took an Hciuaris cyno- glossum near Prescott, and several more at headwaters of Has- sayampa River, near Senator Mills. One of these taken on Mount Union, head of this river, at 8600 feet elevation, nc.ir its
58 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
peak on flowers of Monarda fistulosa or horsemint. A single example of a three-winged Smerinthus, form astarte, found on Mount Humphrey, Flagstaff, July, 1897, and one ophthalmicus , perfect & , taken in Phoenix at light. Sphinx chersis, found in but two or three examples, S. Arizona. Tripfogon, var. occi- dentalis, not uncommon.
Of Syntomidse took Anatolmis fulgens, that scarlet gem of the mountains of Coconino County. Pericopidae were represented by Gnopkezla hopfferi and Melanchroia inconstans, both visiting flowers of Withia spec, a plant resembling Elecampane, and Rudbeckia laciniata, or Thimbleweed of San Francisco Moun- tains; all taken in bright sunshine. Of Arctiinae took a few Emydia ampla at light in Yavapai County, and Arctia var. ari- zonensis, in Southern and Central Arizona. A fine arctian so much like Eupseudosoma floridum, taken at light in September in Phoenix. That rare Halisidota ambigiia, taken in two exam- ples; one in Yavapai County, in 1896, and the other in Coconino County, 1897, at light. Arachnis picta not uncommon in Central Arizona.
Liparidcg furnished me one of Artaxa ingenifa, taken at light in Yavapai County, and now in collection of Mr. J. T. Mason, Denver, Col., and Mr. D. Bruce informed the writer that only one other had been taken in this country, belonging, as it does, to the Mexican fauna. I labor under the impression that I have put away another poorer specimen taken this Autumn at same locality. It is saffron-colored, size of Orgyia antiqua £ .
Notodontidae furnished two surprises — now in the hands of Prof. A. S. Packard for determining; one a Datana nov. spec, bred from a gregarious larva found on Querciis emoryi early part of August, 1896, in Yavapai County, the imago of which bears a resemblance to D. ministra of eastern United States, so Mr. Chas. Palm, to whom I sent all pupae, informs me. The larva is jet black, covered by long, fine white hairs all over its body. The other is Centra nivea, in last synopsis accredited as a variety of Cinerea of the East. I bred from ova of two different females and obtained a number of fine cocoons. The larvae of both moths are exactly alike in coloration, size and ornamentation- are unlike those of Cinerea excepting in first and second stages. In its third and fourth stages this larva more resembles that of C. multiscripta. One of the females was almost immaculate,
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 59
excepting a fine black spot between veins of external margin of primaries, and the other bred from showed a few black marking- on primaries near costa and basal parts. My notes taken of this, a true species, will soon be made public.
Of rarer Saturniidae, obtained one T. polyphcmns var. ocui, in July, 1896, and two others in August, 1897; all three imper- fect. This variety is heavily overlaid with black scales, especially on primaries. The best example is in Mr. Mason's collection, and others in possession of Prof. Packard for comparative study. Of Hyperchiria paniina, obtained only four or five larvae and cocoons in two years from Yavapai County.
Bombycidae furnished me with several undetermined examples. Gloveria arizonensis I took in two examples in central Arizona; also a Heteropacha sp. which Mr. D. Bruce did not recognize.
Of Cossidae, Mr. Bruce thinks I collected a new species, re- sembling a Hypopta and quite small, now in the hands of Prof. Packard for determining. It was taken in Maricopa County, '97.
Of Geometridae, took four new species, 1896, in central Arizona, one of which, a Spodoptera, Dr. G. D. Hulst, named after its collector.
Of Noctuidae, dare not speak; a large catch, season of 1897, has not been examined for lack of time Heterocera are better represented here than Rhopalocera, and on account of intense heat numbers of the latter are much localized; some even betake themselves, much as we do, to the shady side of the bush to
escape a broiling sun.
(To be continued.)
-o-
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ODONATA OF MAINE.-III.
By F. L. HARVEY, Orono, Maine.
(Continued from ENT. NEWS, vol. iii, Nos. 4 and 5, 1892.)
Tribe I.— AGRIONINA.
Subfamily i. — CALOPTERYGIN^E.
1. Calopteryx maculata Beauvois.
Farmington (Miss Furbish), S. Lagrange (Harvey).
2. C. aequabilis Say.
Orono, June 17, 1897 (Bartle and Florence Harvey), Auburn (E. D. Merrill), Foxcroft and S. Lagrange (Har\v
60 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
This species was rather common this season. The teneral males are without the black tips to the wings.
54. Hetaerina americana Fabr.
Chemo Stream, Bradley, Sept. 23, 1897 (E. D. Merrill). A single headless male found on the shore below a fall. We have never seen this species before in Maine. This is the most eastern locality known. It has been taken in western Maine
Subfamily 2. — AGRIONIN^:.
55. Amphiagrion saucium Burm.
Orono, June 10 and 18, 1892; Bradley, July 8, 1897 (Harvey); Frog pond, Orono, June, 1897 (Bartle Harvey).
S. Enallagma hageni Walsh. Rangeley (Miss Furbish), Foxcroft (Harvey).
56. E. calverti Morse.
Orono, June 28, 1897 (Florence Harvey).
57. Nehalennia posita Hag.
Orono, July 12, 1897, over Penobscot River (Bartle Harvey).
9. N. Irene Hag. Westbrook (Ricker).
58. Erythromma conditum Hag.
Chemo Stream, Bradley, July 8, 1897; not common (Harvey).
13. Lestes unguiculata Hag.
A single 9 , N. W. Carry, head of Moosehead Lake, Aug. 26, 1897 (Harvey).
59. L. uncata Kirby.
Over road June 28, 1897, Orono (Bartle Harvey). Many fe- males but few males. Some of the males lacked the yellow humeral stripe, others had the mid-dorsal carina yellow.
60. L. congener Hag.
A single 9 Aug. 26, 1897, N. W. Carry, head of Moosehead Lake (Harvey).
Subfamily 3.— GOMPHIN.E.
61. Ophiogomphus auomalus n. sp. (PI. v, fig. i).
Length 42 mm.; abdomen 30 mm.; hind wing 24 mm. Black with bright yellow colors.
Frons yellow, separated from clypeus by a black line. Clypeus and ante-clypeus yellow; black bands running across the post-clypeus to the
.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 6l
suture of the ante-clypeus dividing it into three yellow areas. The black bands continue along the suture of the ante-clypeus to the outer edge of the labrum, between the labrum and ante-clypeus, down the middle of the labrum and along its lower edge dividing the yellow of labrum into two areas. Base of mandibles and occiput yellow. Antennae and vertex black. The top of vertex straight and bearing on the crest black cilia. The face and vertex clothed with dark hairs. The basal joint of the antennas with a narrow yellow line on the upper edge. Back of head and eyes dark.
Prothorax black; an anterior narrow line and two small median spots yellow. Thorax bright yellow; mid-dorsal stripe wider below, diver-' nt above and joining the ante-humeral behind; ante-humeral and humeral stripes (separated .below for half their length by a yellow line) and a double, interrupted stripe on the middle of the side, black. The humeral stripe joins the one on the side anteriorly.
Wingliyaline, pterostigma brown; membranules very narrow and pale yellow; triangles not crossed and slightly angled at the origin of the cross- vein between the two upper discoidal areolets. Arculus straight, the sectors separated, and the spaces above and below equal.
Legs black, the lower surface of the femora lighter, hind femora with numerous short spines.
Abdomen black, with a mid-dorsal and a lateral yellow stripe involving the base of all the segments. The stripe on the dorsum of segments 3-9 narrow, on 8 club shaped, on 9 square, on 10 round, with a point behind. The stripe extends the whole length of the dorsum of i and 2. Tin- lateral stripe conspicuous on 7-10. The spots on 9 and 10 involve the whole length of the side. That on 9 notched above and resembling a letter C. The yellow on the side of 10 extends along the sutures at the base of the superior appendages. Segments 7-10 dilated, greatest width at base of 8 (2.5 mm.)
Superior appendages black, a little longer than 10, broad at the base, the outer edges straight and parallel, the inner divergent, ending in a blunt point. Under surface bearing numerous tubercles arranged in irregular longitudinal rows, seven or eight of which appear as minute teeth in profile view.
Inferior appendage light colored, stout, grooved on the outer sides near the base, the outer half abruptly curved upward meeting the superior appendages one-third from the end.
Described from a single male taken June 15, 1892, at Orono, along the border of woods, by F. L. Harvey. Female unknown.
Mr. Calvert makes the following comment on this species : " This male agrees with the characters given by Baron de Selys (Comptes Rendus, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1879, p. 64) for Ophio- gomphus excepting the branches of the inferior appendage, which are strongly upcurved in their apical half, as in Erpetogomphus^
62 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
instead of at the apex only, as in typical Ophiogomphus. This species is, therefore, to this extent, intermediate between the two genera named with stronger affinities to Ophiogomphus."''
62. Gomphus scudderi Selys (PI. v, figs. 6-8).
$ (hitherto unknown). — Length 58 mm., abdomen 43 mm., hind wing 35 mm. Black, fuscous and greenish yellow.
Frons greenish yellow with a black band on the lower edge above the articulation with the clypeus. Yellow of the post-clypeus divided into three areas by a black patch each side of the middle; ante-clypeus black. Labrum yellow, with anterior border black. Base of mandibles and labium greenish yellow; vertex and antenna? black. The basal joints of the antennae with a yellow ring on the distal end. Occiput greenish yel- low, the crest slightly convex and armed with black hairs. Rear of eyes pale.
Prothorax unicolored. Thorax fuscous, mid-dorsal carina black and prominently crested in the middle. The narrow anterior transverse stripe (interrupted at the mid-dorsal carina) and the narrow ante-humeral stripes (much divergent below), greenish yellow. Sides of thorax with three yellow stripes, the anterior best defined, the dark stripes alternating at the first and second lateral sutures. Three greenish yellow spots on dor- sum between the wings. Underside of anterior femora pale. Hind femora with numerous short bristles.
Wings hyaline, pterostigma 4 mm., brown; ante-cubitals 15-16, post- cubitals lo-n. All triangles and basal spaces free from cross-veins. Arculus angled, the spaces below and above the union of the sectors equal. Outer side of triangle straight.
Abdomen black. Segments 7, 8 and 9 much dilated. Eighth segment nearly 7 mm. wide. Segments 3-10 with basal yellow rings, those on 8, 9 and 10 reduced tosutural lines. An acute, triangular, mid-dorsal, basal spot on the eighth segment and a smaller spot with an obtuse angle on the basal dorsum of the ninth. Dorsum of i and 2 with narrow yellow stripes. Auricles and a round spot behind them on the sides of 2 yellow. A lateral yellow line, faint on segments 4-6, but prominent as large basal spots on 7, 8 and 9.
Superior appendages black, stout, longer than 10, very divergent at tip, where the acute points are 3 mm. apart and considerably wider than the breadth of 10. On the inferior surface, in their apical third, are about six low, broad crenules seen by microscope in profile view.
Inferior appendage brown, nearly as large as the uppers, flattened at the base and excavated above, more widely divergent in the middle than at either end, wider in the middle than the superior appendages and equally divergent at the tip. The ends turned upward and approaching the superior appendages. Both appendages armed with bristles.
Nearly related to Gomphus fraiernus, but much larger, abdo-
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NFU'S. 63
men more dilated, and also with a dorsal basal spot on ninth segment, and the superior appendages have several crenuke on the inferior apical third.
Described from a single male taken Aug. 25, 1897 (by F. L. Harvey), over Russell Stream, a tributary on the East Side of the West Branch of the Penobscot River, two miles above North- east Carry near the head of Moosehead Lake.
25. Gomphus naevius Hagen (PI. v, figs. 2-5, 9, 10).
$ (previously unknown). — Length 34-37 mm.; abdomen 25-27 mm.; hind wing 19.5-21.5 mm. Greenish yellow and black.
Frons, clypeus and labrum greenish, with the sutures separating them more or less black, the black extending in a narrow line nearly half way across the centre of the labrum. Vertex and occiput black, the latter with a small yellow spot behind, and its straight hind margin with long black hairs. Eyes greenish. Apex of first joint of the antenna? on the inside yellow. Rear of head black.
Prothorax black with two minute yellow dots on the middle of the dorsum and a narrow yellow line on the anterior border.
Thoracic dorsum black, excepting a transverse anterior, and two isolated ante-humeral stripes which are greenish yellow; the transverse anterior stripe interrupted by the mid-dorsal carina; the first ante-humeral stripes are oblong in form and divergent anteriorly. The second ante-humeral stripe, when entire, narrowed in the middle; when broken, the upper half is sometimes reduced to a small superior spot; to have this stripe entire is the exception. Sides greenish yellow. Black bands on the humeral and first and second lateral sutures. The metastigma black. The underside of the thorax and the coxae yellowish green.
Legs black. Interior median surface of the femora of the fore legs greenish.
Wings hyaline. Costa greenish yellow; pterostigma black, 3 mm. long on the hind wing; ante-cubitals n, post-cubitals 8.
Abdomen black, marked with yellow as follows : segment i with a narrow mid-dorsal stripe, a transverse stripe on posterior end of dorsum and lower half of side. Segment 2 with a mid-dorsal stripe, arrow-shaped, with the point backwards, the auricles and a patch behind them next the genitalia. Segment 3 with lateral proximal spots which ma\ be contin- uous over the dorsum forming basal rings, or interrupted, leaving basal dorsal spots. The dorsal markings may be obsolete, especially on 4-6. Segment 10 unspotted. Suture between 8 and 9 yellow on dorsum. The spot on side of 8 conspicuous, larger than on the other segments, extending to the middle above and the whole length on the lower border. The ventral edge of all the segments pale colored. Segments 3-7 slender, widening to the apex of 8, which is 2 mm. broad, then narrowing to 10, which is 1.5 mm. broad.
64 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
Superior appendages yellowish white, with a narrow black band on the base as far as the inferior tooth. About the same width for one-third of the length, then abruptly narrowed from the outside to slender points, which are turned outward and upward at the ends; from the base curved outwards until, at one-third the length, the two are wider than the loth segment, then curving inwards, and at the apex outwards and upwards. An inferior obtuse tooth at one-third of the length from the base.
Inferior appendage dark brown, lighter above, the tips and base black, three-fourths as long as the superior appendages; bifid about one-half the length; the outer edges parallel and widest at the base, narrowing from the inside to blunt, upturned tips, which approach the superior appendages and are equally divergent; sinus open. In profile view, curved down- wards in the basal third, then gradually upwards to the apical third, which curves rapidly upwards. Both appendages clothed with hairs, those on the upper pale, those on the lower dark.
-The females are somewhat variable. Of three specimens before me two have the second ante-humeral stripe entire, but narrowed in the mid- dle; the other has the stripe interrupted in the middle, the upper part pale and hardly half so long as the lower. One of those with the full humeral stripe lacks the yellow dorsal spot on the 8th segment. The back of the vertex yellow, and also a triangular space on its front. The suture be- tween the frons and nasus is black only at the outer angles. The sides of abdominal segments i and 2 and the basal half of 3 yellow, also the sides of 7-9 yellow with black in the upper anterior part.
Described from forty specimens taken at Cheino Stream below the bridge at the old mill, Bradley, Me., July 8, 1897, by F. L. and Bartle Harvey.
The specimens were flying up stream, and were nearly all taken from a small rock six inches out of water, upon which they would almost invariably alight by preference, although there were several other rocks apparently equally favorably situated. It is hard to take them on the wing as they fly very close to the water. The whole day was occupied in watching the stream by the writer and his son. Only three females were seen. One pair was taken in copula. My son spent the whole of the following day at the same place on the stream and did not see a single specimen. Two or three specimens were seen the last of July over swift water on Birch Stream in Greenfield, about eight miles from the other locality. The male of this species previously unknown is now represented by many more specimens than the female.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 65
FIVE NEW SPECIES OF PHLEPSIUS.
By C. F. BAKER, Ala. Polytechnic Inst. Auburn, Ala.
Phlepsius dentatus n. sp. tf. — Length 7 mm. YormoUuunidus. Head broader than thorax; vertex rather strongly angulate before, nearly as long as half the width between eyes, or three-fifths the length of the pro notum; disc distinctly broadly depressed, anterior edge acute; front broad above, rapidly narrowing to clypeus, an eighth longer than wide, about two and a half times the length of the clypeus, sides obtusely angled just below antennal pits, then broadly shallowly incurved above; pronotum sparsely punctured on posterior half, slightly incurved behind; width little less than two and one-fifth times length. Elytra slightly narrowed toward tips. Color pale fulvous. Head and thorax thickly irrorate with deep fulvous, leaving a few very small lighter areas. Elytra whitish, veins light brown, with several more or less extensive very pale fulvous clouds in three indistinct transverse bands; irrorations sparse and weak; fore and middle femora imperfectly biannulate with fulvous. Abdomen above and below somewhat darker. Plate subtriangular, produced at tip in a narrow projection as long as rest of plate; valves longer than entire width across base, sides rounded below, contracted at upper two thirds, tip flaring and curved, the inner extremities each with a short, inwardly bent, dark brown tooth.
Described from one male in the Uhler collection. It was taken on the Delta Railroad, eight miles northeast of Baltimore. This species differs from any other American Phlcpsius in the form of the male genitalia.
Phlepsius pulchripennis n. sp. 5 . — Length 5.5 mm. Small and slender, form more nearly of irroratus. Head slightly broader than thorax; ver- tex obtusely angulate, length half of the width between the eyes, or half the length of the pronotum; disc gently convex, anterior edge obtusely rounded onto the front; front rather long and narrow, a half longer than wide, two and three-fourths times the length of the clypeus, sides nearly straight; pronotum obscurely wrinkled on posterior three-fourths, nearly straight behind, width about two and one-sixth times the length. Elytra distinctly narrowed towards the tip. Color sordid cinereous. Head more or less irregularly smutted with blackish; pronotum with a few scattering irregular brown markings. Elytra milky white and veins brown, except a large portion of costal cell, which is transparent and without super- numerary veins or markings, the supernumerary veins moderately nu- merous elsewhere; three black spots on apical half of costa, one in mid- dle basal cell, and one on clavus next the clavus next the claval suture ; reticulations very unevenly distributed and confined mostly to median portion of elytra, being largely wanting along commissural margin and costa; fore and median femora biannulate with brown. Last ventral seg- ment as long as broad; hind margin shallowly Insinuate.
66 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
Described from two females, one collected at Opelousas, La., by Mr. G. R. Pilate, and one at Auburn, Ala., by myself. This is the only known northern representative of a group of Phlep- siids mostly confined to tropical and subtropical America. There are a number of undescribed species of this group in Mexico and Central and South America, all showing a strong resemblance.
Phlepsius pusilllis n. sp. 9. — Length 5 mm. Small, but robust. Head slightly broader than thorax; vertex obtusely angulate, width between eyes about two and one-third times its length, the length about one-half that of pronotum; disc slightly depressed, nearly flat, anterior edge some- what obtuse, not at all thin and acute ; front short, and very broad throughout, two-sevenths longer than wide, two and one -fourth times longer than clypeus, broadly slightly bulging at antennal cavities; pro- notum finely, sparsely punctured and obtusely wrinkled on posterior half, hind margin nearly straight; width little more than two and one-fourth times the length. Elytra short and broad, but little exceeding abdomen, scarcely narrowed towards tips. Color pale fulvous. Face washed with heavier fulvous, leaving numerous lighter dots ; vertex and pronotum irregularly irrorate. Elytra white, with very few distinct supernumerary- veins; rather evenly, finely irrorate with brown, some darker dots along commissural margin and apex of costa; dorsum and vicinity of notch on last ventral segment blackish. Legs irregularly marked with dark ful- vous. Last ventral segment large, twice length of preceding, nearly truncate behind, with a large median notch.
cj\ — Like the female, except venter darker. Plate triangular, as long as preceding segment ; valves once and a half the length of plate, sides gently curved to an obtuse point.
Described from two specimens in the Uhler collection, one collected September 25 at Caton's Bush, two miles southeast of Baltimore, Md. ; the other, September 20 at Odenton, sixteen miles southeast of Baltimore. This is one of the smallest of the more typical Phlepsiids. Ovatus has the head narrower than the pronotum. Uhleri belongs to the group including strobi and Eutettix seminuda.
Phlepsius OCCidentalis n. sp. 9-— Length 6 mm. Short and broad. Head slightly broader than thorax; vertex obtusely angulate, length at middle but little less than half width between eyes, or about two-thirds of the length of the pronotum; disc depressed, anterior edge somewhat compressed, but not thin and acute. Front broad above, narrowed rapidly to clypeus, about one-fourteenth longer than wide, two and one-fifth times as long as clypeus, sides slightly bent outward at antennal cavities; pn,- notum obscurely wrinkled and finely sparsely punctate posteriorly, hind margin nearly straight; width two and a half times the length. Elytra
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 67
rather short, scarcely narrowed towards tip. Color cinereous. Head and thorax irrorate with fulvous, the latter sparingly, the face with nu- merous light dots. Basal angles of scutel fulvous. Elytra whitish, sparsely and subobsoletely irrorate with brown, most distinctly so at ex- treme apex; fore and middle femora indistinctly biannulate with fulvous. Last ventral segment twice the length of the preceding, very slightly broadly produced at the middle, with a median notch, the lateral angles prominent, obtuse; portions of hind margin blackened.
Described from a single female in the Uhler collection. It was collected in Washington Territory. It is nearer to humidus and nebulosus than to any other species, but differs widely from these as described above.
Phlepsius mimus n. sp. $. — Length 6.5 mm. Form and size nearly of texamis, somewhat more slender. Head slightly broader than thorax; vertex short, very bluntly angulate, disc convex, though slightly trans- versely depressed behind, broadly rounded onto the front; length at mid- dle slightly less than a third of width between eyes; front broad, length once and a tenth its width, twice and four-fifths the length of clypeus; clypeus somewhat broader than usual at base; pronotum finely, sparsely punctured on posterior three-fourths, hind margin very shallowly, angu- larly emarginate; width little less than twice and one-third the length. Elytra somewhat narrowed towards the apex: excepting a few in costal cell, the supernumerary veins are wanting. Color pale cinereous. Face finely confluently dotted with fulvous; vertex and pronotum coarsely ir- rorate with fulvous. Elytra milky white, with the irrorations, except sparingly along costa and apex, broken up into fine dots, something as in punctiscriptus. Several small darker spots along claval commissure and costa towards apex. Wings infuscate apically; fore and middle femora each with one distinct brown annulus near the apex, hind tibiae with dark tips. Abdomen somewhat darker above and below; some brown blotches on mesopleurse. Plate large, triangular, the valves extending its length beyond it; valves with numerous stout white bristles, the sides incurved before the narrow, strongly divergent tips.
Described from a single specimen from the Uhler collection, taken October n at Odenton, sixteen miles southeast of Balti- more. This species is nearest texanus, from which it differs in coloration and structure of genitalia. Texamis is more robust and darker. Its resemblance to punctiscriptus is but superficial, the structure of the head widely separating it from that species.
DOMINION OF CANADA — DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. — I am de- lighted to notice that the magazine still continues to be of such hi-h quality. I do not know what your arrangements are for paying for plates, but figures of new species similar to the exquisite work on Plate III of P'yraineis carye in the present volume would, I know, be acceptable to many entomologists besides me. — JAMES FLETCHER.
68 [March,
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit, and will thankfully receive items of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.]
To Contributors— All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfei- ence, as to make it necessary to put "copy" into the hands of the printer, for each number, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five "extras" without change in form will be given free when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. — ED.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., MARCH, 1898.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF ENTOMOLOGISTS.
The subscription list of the NEWS suggests to us some inter- esting points for study in relation to entomologists in this country and Canada. It appears that entomology has grown from certain centres of interest, irrespective of population, although popula- tion is doubtless also a factor to a certain extent. As an illustra- tion, the States that produced Say, Harris Walsh and Fitch show for Pennsylvania 83 subscribers, Massachusetts 63, Illinois 47 and New York 88. The South and far West, except California, show a lack of interest due to want of centres or starting points and not lack of population. Wherever one person begins the study others sooner or later follow in the good work. Indiana, a populous State, shows but 6 subscribers. Delaware, Maryland and the District of Columbia give but 26, and most of these are in the city of Washington. The New England States, excepting Massachusetts, show little interest in comparison; Maine having 9 subscribers, New Hampshire 6, Vermont 2, Rhode Island 6 and Connecticut 19. Some States in the West show a surprising lack of interest; Nebraska, for instance, furnishes 2 subscribers, Dakota 2, Idaho 2, Montana 4, Nevada i. The States that do not believe in the NEWS, or who have no entomologists, are Wyoming and South Carolina. California shows the results of the work of some of its well-known entomologists of the earlier years as its subscribers amount to 41. Canada gives 27 and Europe but 31. Instead of having a subscription list of 550 it should be twice that many and we could then make the NEWS a journal of which to be proud.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 69
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY,
Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N, J.
Papers for this department are solicited. They should be sent to the editor, Prof. Job B. Smith, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N. J.
A NEW TRYPETID OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE.
By R. W. DOANE.
(Washington Agricultural College and School of Science.)
Since the publication of Loew's Monograph, two new species belonging to the genus Rhagoleiis have been described; one R. zephyria Snow, in Kan. Univ. Ouar. ii, 164; the other R. for- mosa Coquillett, in Canadian Entomologist, xxvi, 71. These with the species described herewith make six species belonging to this genus, which may be separated by the following table based principally on the wing markings.
With three cross-bands and two spots; the first spot between apices of first and second veins, the second in apex of first posterior cell .... . . formosa Coq.
With four cross-bands.
First and second cross-bands connected posteriorly. Second and third cross-bands not connected anteriorly.
tabellaria Fitch. Second and third cross-bands connected anteriorly.
Length 3.5 to 4.5 mm. . . pomonella Walsh.
Length 2.5 to 3 mm. ... . zephyria* Snow.
First and second cross-bands converging, but not connected posteriorly. With a brownish spot at tip of vein three . cingulata Loew.
With no such spot . . ribicola n. sp.
Rhagoletis ribicola n. sp. $ 9 .—Black, head and its appendages yellow- ish, a dark blotch on the vertical triangle. Last joint of the antennae very slightly concave on dorsal side, anterior corner rather sharp; moder-
* I have not seen this species, and can find nothing in the description of zephyria that is not true to a greater or less extent of potnonella. As the depth of coloration varies considerably in both species, little dependence can be placed on this character. I have one specimen of potnonella from Massachusetts in which the hyaline space between the second and third cross-bands reaches the fourth vein, and in which the fourth band fills out the tip to as great an extent as in Mr. Snow's figure of ztphyria. The description of zephyria was drawn up from three males from Southern California. Two other specimens are mentioned from the same locality in which the cross-veins are more approximate, in fact just as they are \\\ pomonella, so that the difference in size seems to be about the only thing that would separate the species, and as this is subject to considerable variation in both instances it would seem that zepkyria is not a distinct species.
70 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
ately deep furrows for the reception of antennae; proboscis and palpi short; bristles black, three facial pairs convergent, the ocellar pair strongly proclinate, the two fronto-orbital and the vertical pairs strictly reclinate.
Thorax shining black with four rather broad, longitudinal, whitish lines on dorsum, the outer pair longer and narrower than the inner pair; scu- tellum except the base and sides, halteres, and a line running from the humeri to the base of each wing, light yellow; the thoracic and four scutellar bristles black.
Abdomen shining black, posterior border of segments two, three and four with a rather broad band of white; sixth segment of male small, partially or wholly concealed beneath the fifth; seventh segment of female a little longer than sixth, flattened or slightly concave, ventrally; sheath of ovipositor and ovipositor reddish brown; the sheath cylindrical and covered with fine triangular scales; ovipositor dagger shaped; a few short black marginal bristles on last three segments.
Legs clay-yellow; posterior and middle coxae and femora except tips, black; anterior femora with only a little black. Wings hyaline, marked with four brown cross-bands, the first is somewhat oblique and runs from the humeral vein to the sixth longitudinal vein, along which it gradually fades out beyond the posterior basal transverse vein; the second is much broader, nearly perpendicular, begins on the costa between the tips of the auxiliary and the first longitudinal vein and extends across the middle of the fifth longitudinal vein, fading out before reaching the posterior mar- gin of the wing; the third is nearly parallel with the second, not quite as broad, runs over the posterior cross-vein, and reaches the posterior mar- gin just behind the tip of the fifth longitudinal vein; the fourth band is oblique, completely united with the third on the costal border and reaches the posterior border at the tip of the fourth longitudinal vein; first longi- tudinal vein with very short black bristles ; the anterior cross-vein is a little more oblique and very slightly curved; anal cell not drawn out to a point. Length $ 3.5-4. mm.; 9 4-4.5 mm.
Many males and females from eastern and western Washington and western Idaho. The marking on the wing closely resemble Figure n, Plate X, Loevv's Monographs, Part III, but the spot at the tip of vein three is wanting, the first cross-band reaches farther down on vein six, the second fades out gradually a little nearer the margin than is indicated in Loevv's figures. The posterior basal transverse vein forms almost a right angle at its union with the fifth longitudinal vein, thus cutting the anal cell off squarely. In Loew's figure these veins form an obtuse angle at their junction and the anal cell is drawn out to a point. This species also differs from the description of R. cingulata in having the four light stripes on the thorax and in having more black on the femora.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. ~l
It will be noted that in the description we have referred to the male as having six abdominal segments and the female as having seven. A careful examination of several species, together with Prof. Harvey's remarks on Epochra canadensis (Report Maine State College 1895, p. 123), has led us to adopt this view. Of course what Loew called the first segment is made up of the first and second, closely united; the third, fourth and fifth are always easily distinguishable and more or less similar in appearance throughout the different genera of this family; the fifth segment of the male is, however, in some species more elongated and conical; the sixth segment of the male is always small and par- tially or wholly concealed underneath the fifth; a careful exami- nation, however, cannot fail to reveal it. In the female the sixth segment is similar to those preceding it, but the seventh is, in many species, more or less elongated, conical, or flattened, and often of a different color than the other segments. This is usually referred to as the ovipositor, or as the first segment of the ovi- positor. Of course if we consider the ovipositor as being made up of modified abdominal segments and we certainly must in this group at least, it is not a matter of any great importance how many of these segments we call abdominal segments and how many of them shall be referred to as the ovipositor, but it seems as if the use to which the respective segments are put should decide this. As the seventh segment takes no part in making the puncture, and, as in some species {R, ribricola, R. pomonella and others), it differs very little in appearance, shape or structure from the segments which precede it, we see no reason why it should be any longer referred to as the ovipositor, or as a part of the ovipositor. Retracted within the seventh segment is the sheath of the ovipositor, and within this the ovipositor proper. When not in use these are telescoped within the seventh segment so that ordinarily little or none of the ovipositor is visible.
The female of Rhagolctis ribicola when depositing her eggs behaves in much the same manner as the female of Epochra cana- densis as described by Prof. Harvey. It is interesting to note, however, that after the ovipositor is withdrawn from the berry she often turns round and sips up the small drop of juice that flows from the puncture.
This species is of considerable economic importance in this State (Washington) as each year the larva destroy much of the
72 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
fruit on the cultivated currant and gooseberry. The adults are most abundant late in June, when they may be found in consider- able numbers around currant and gooseberry bushes. The eggs are deposited in the berries in which the larvae feed until full grown, of course destroying the berries, and usually causing them to drop to the ground. There is but a single generation each year, the insect passing the Winter in the pupa state in the ground or underneath rubbish under the bushes. In a bulletin, soon to be issued by this Station, the life-history of this insect is given in detail under the popular name of the Dark Currant Fly to distinguish it from the other currant fly (Epoc/ira canadensis} which also occurs quite abundantly throughout the State.
Notes and. Ne\vs.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE.
PICTURES for the album of the American Entomologicel Society have been received from Charles F. Goodhue, Webster, N. H., and Charles C. Adams, Urbana, 111.
YOUR journal is indispensable to working entomologists, either in applied or purely scientific fields, and I find the pages devoted to notes on Entomological Literature very convenient for reference. — MARY E.
MURTFELDT.
THE volume of NEWS for 1897 was duly received. The eight volumes of the NEWS form the most valued portion of my entomological library. They are valuable for reference, entertaining to read, and pretty to look at. — A. W. PEARSON.
ODONATA. A SYNONYM AND THE BEARING OF ITS DISCOVERY ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF AGRION. — An examination of some material from Mexico, recently collected by Mr. Otis VV. Barrett, has shown me that the species which I described as Ischnura exstriata (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. —2 — iv, p. 493, 1895) is specifically identical with Agrion denticolle Bur- meister, the type of which latter exists at Halle, Germany, where I have studied it. Denticoile is referred by Baron de Selys to the genus Neha- lennia, a genus belonging to that section of the " grand genre Agrion" in which the females have no apical ventral spine on the eighth abdominal segment. Ischnura belongs to the section in which such a spine is pres- ent. There is no doubt that the female type of /. exstriata possesses this spine, nor is there any reason for disbelieving that the females of den- ticolle seen by de Selys lacked it. Burmeister's type, which de Selys did not see, has a suggestion of such a spine, while among Mr. Barrett's specimens are some females with, others without, this spine. I have no
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 73
hesitation in stating that exstriata Calvert is specifically identical with denticolle Burm., but it is evident that this discovery breaks down the only general distinction separating the two groups of genera represented by Ischnura and Nehalennia respectively. I find, moreover, that in /. verticalis Say, /. perparva Selys and /. cervula Selys female individuals of one and the same species exist which have this spine absent, extremely small or quite distinct.— PHILIP P. CALVERT.
ODONATA. THE FIRST FILLING OF THE TRACHEA WITH AIR. — Within half an hour after hatching from the egg, the young larva of Sympetrnin (Diplax} vicinum Hagen— and the same is true for Lib e Hula quadrimaiii- lata L. and Orthrtnim cancellation L., as I observed at Jena, in June, 1896,— makes its first moult. Previously its tracheae, though visible, con- tain no air. In watching some larvae of vicinum execute this first moult recently ( January, 1898), I observed that air first appears in the tracheal system, in the thoracic portion of the right, main, dorsal trachea and flows thence both forwards into the cephalic, and backwards into the ab- dominal tracheae, consequently filling the tracheoles of the rectal tracheal gills at a measurably later period. I believe that this observation is new, at least for the Odonata. 1 regret that I could not determine precisely where the air enters, nor how, nor whether the air which early appears in the left, main, dorsal trachea enters independently, or from branches connecting it with the right dorsal trunk. I hope that detailed statements may appear later. — PHILIP P. CALVERT.
NEWS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF INSECTS, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.— The collection of insects of the U. S. National Museum is rapidly increas- ing. A great donation, the details of which have just been completed, is the large Hubbard and Schwarz collection of Coleoptera. This is one of the first collections of Coleoptera in the United States. It comprises from 10,000 to 12.000 species brought together by Messrs. Hubbard and Schwarz during the last twenty-five years. It has especial value from its fine condition and accurate labelling, affording possibly the best source of information regarding geographical distribution. This collection adds about 3000 species to the collection of Coleoptera of the Museum. It contains a moderate number of types, but a large number of co-types of the species described by LeConte and Horn. It also contains some ex- otics, notably a good collection of West Indian micro-Coleoptera, and is practically unique in its large series of coleopterous larvae and pupae in alcohol.
The death of Mr. M. L. Linell, in the spring of 1897, was a severe blow to the Department, but a re-arrangement has been effected by which an excellent working force has been secured. The Department has been extremely fortunate in attaching to it Dr. Harrison G. Dyar. Since the departure of Dr. John B. Smith there has practically been no lepidopterist in Washington, and Dr. Dyar's advent is especially welcome. He has entirely re-arranged the collection of Lepidoptera and has deposited in
3*
74 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
the Museum his own large co'lection of some 15,000 specimens. The force as at present constituted is L O. Howard, Honorary Curator; Wm. H. Ashmead, Assistant Curator and Custodian of Hymenoptera ; Har- rison G. Dyar, Custodian of Lepidoptera ; E. A. Schwarz, Custodian of Coleoptera; D. W. Coquillett, Custodian of Diptera ; and R. P. Currie, Aid.
For a Department which has bought no large collections, the Depart- ment of Insects is rich in type material. The catalogue shows the exist- ence of over 4000 types in the different orders.
Recent accessions of special value are a collection of European bees, representing all of the genera known except one; the Hubbard material in all orders recently collected in Arizona; the African material collected in Liberia by Cook and Curne; the African and Siamese material col- lected by Dr. W. L. Abbott; a collection of Coccinellidae and Psyllidae made by Albert Koebele in Japan, Australia, China and Mexico; a col- lection of parasitic Hymenoptera made by the same collector in the coun- tries above indicated; a very large collection of Japanese insects in all orders presented by the Imperial University of Tokio through Professor Mitsukuri; the T. A. Williams collection of Aphididas, comprising over 800 slides of forms collected in the Northwest. Smaller donations are constantly being received from collectors and specialists and the number of those received in the course of the year form very important additions to the collection.
The facilities for the preservation of specimens have been very con- siderably increased, several hundred of the permanent glass-covered drawers having been added.
Entomological Literature.
Under the above head it is intended to note such papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology, unless monographs, or con- taining descriptions of new genera, will not be noted. Contributions to the anatoim , physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded. The numbers in h^avy-faced type refer to the journals, -as numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published ; * denotes that the paper in question contains descriptions of new North American forms.
4. The Canadian Entomologist, London, Out., Feb., '98. — 5. Psyche, Cambridge, Mass., Feb., '98. — 7. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Di- vision of Entomology, Washington; publications of, '97. — 9. The Ento- mologist, London, Feb., '98. — 11. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, Jan., '98. — 15. Biologia Centrali-Americana, London, part cxxxvii, Sept., part cxxxix, Dec., '97. — 19. Horae Societatis Ento- mologicce Rossicce, xxxi, 1-2, St. Petersburg, '97.— 2ii. Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipsic, '98. — 38. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, xvi, 10.
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 75
Dec. 25, '97; xvii, i. Jan. 25, '98.— 4O. Societas Entomologica, Zurich- Hottingen, '98.— 41. Entomologische Nachrichten, Berlin.— 45. Deut- sche Entomologische Zeitschrift, '97, li, Dresden, Jan. 12, '98.— 47. The Zoologist. London, Jan. 15, '98.— 59. Sitzungsberichte, Gesellschaft der naturforschenden Freunde, Berlin, '97. — 6O. Anales del Museo National de Buenos Aires, v, 'gS-'gy.— 61. Natural Science, London, Jan., 'gS!- 62. Konglige Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens, Stockholm. — 63. 'Fauna.' Verein Luxemburger Naturfreunde, vii, '97. — 64. Annakn der k. k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, xii, i, Wien, '97.
The General Subject.— Insect World : A Monthly Maga/.ine. Edited by Y. Nawa. Gifu, Japan. Appears on the 15th of each month, vol. i, No. i, on Sept. 15, '97; No. 4, Dec. 15, '97. Wholly in Japanese. —Clay pole, A. M. Some points on cleavage among Arthropods, t pi., Transactions American Microscopical Society, xix, Buffalo, Dec., '07. — C omstock.J. H. and N e e d h a m , J. G. The wings of insects, i, figs., American Naturalist, Boston, Jan., '98. — Daguillon, A. On a leaf Dipterocecidium of Hypericmn pcrforatitui, figs., Revue Generale de Botanique, x, 109. Paris, Jan. 15, '98.— Day, G. O. A new setting- board, figs., 9.— Eimer, G. H. T. and Fickert, C. Orthogenesis der Schmetterlinge. Ein Beweis bestimmt gerichteter Entwickelung und Ohnmacht der natiirlichen Zuchtwahl bei der Artbildung. Die Entste- hung der Arten. II Theil. Zugleich eine Erwiderung an August Weis- mann. Leipzig, Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, 1897. Pp. xvi. 513; 235 %$•> 2 pis. This volume is [the second part of the author's " Entste- hung der Arten auf Grund von Vererben erworbener Eigenschaften nach den Gesetzen organischen Wachsens." We cannot — at present at least — attempt to review this volume, but it is almost obligatory to indicate its contents: General Introduction, on definitely directed development (Or- thogenesis) and on impotence of Darwinian selection in the formation of species; So-called germinal selection — criticism and reply; Origin of the similarity to leaves among butterflies; The most important directions of the development of butterflies, types of marking and pseudo-mimicry; Directions of the development in single families of butterflies and further [considerations] on mimicry; Directions of the development of the Het- erocera and Microlepidoptera ; Generalities on Mimicry in butterflies; Regular and varied stages of marking and color in the different wing- surfaces of day butterflies; Preponderance of one sex (male and female preponderance), Sexual Dimorphism, Sexual Selection, Origin of orna- mentation; External, especially climatic influences as causes of the forma- tion of species of butterflies; Experiments on the artificial action of heat and cold on development; Summary of the important results, Conclusion and Special Remarks, List of figures, author and subject indexes. Emery, C. Instinct, intelligence and speech, Biologisches Centralblatt, Leipsic, Jan. i, '98.— Finn, F. Contributions to the theory of warning colors and mimicry, No. iii. Experiments with a Tupaia and a Frog. Journal, Asiatic Society of Bengal, Ixvi, ii, 2. Calcutta, Aug. 13, '97.-
7° ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
Gahan, C. J. Dipeltis, a fossil insect? figs., 61. — Heymons, R. Composition of the insectan head, 59, No. 7. — Marlatt, C. L. A brief historical survey of the science of entomology with an estimate of what has been, and what remains to be accomplished. Annual address of the President for the year 1897. Proceedings, Entomological Society of Washington, iv, 2, '98. — Morse, A. P. Pacific coast collecting, ii, 5.— Schlechtendal, D. H. R. The galls ;Zoocecidiae) of German vascular plants, ii, Jahresbericht, Verein fiir Naturkunde, Zwickau '95, '96. —Smith, J. B. George H. Horn. Science, N. Y., Jan. 21, '98.— Trim en, R. Mimicry in insects, Nature, London, Jan. 27, '98. — Ver- hoeff, C. Still some words on segmental appendages of insects and myriopods, 22, Jan. 10.— Wiskott, M. Lepidopterous hermaphro- dites and abnormalities of my collection [two papers], 3 pis., 45.
Economic Entomology.— Abstracts of some recent papers, 7, Ex- periment Station Record, ix, 3-5.— [Bergh olz, L.] Destruction of Locusts [in Natal], Consular Reports, Ivi, 209, Washington, Feb., '98.— Card, F. W. Observations on the codling-moth, figs., Bulletin 51, U. S. Agricultural Experiment Station of Nebraska, Lincoln, Dec. 20, '97.— Decaux. Carpocapsa pomonana, 63. — Howard, L. O. The gipsy moth in America: a summary account of the introduction and spread of Porthetria dispar in Massachusetts and of the efforts made by the State to repress and exterminate it, 7, Bulletin No. ii, new series. — Jablo- n o w s k i , J. Directions for destroying the halmfly (Ch/orops tczniopus), Rovartani Lapok, v, i, Budapest, Jan., '98. — Lindau, G. On a cater- pillar disease observed in the Berlin Botanical Garden. Yerhandlungen, Botanischen Vereins der Provinz Brandenburg, '97, Berlin. — Smith, J. B. The San Jose scale and how it may be controlled, Bulletin 125, New Jersey Agric. Exper. Station, New Brunswick, N. J., Nov. 27, '97.
Araclmida. — Cambridge, F. O. P.— Arachnida Araneidea, vol. ii, pp. 9-40, pis. i — ii, 15, pt. 137. — Cambridge, O. P. Arachnida- Araneidea, vol. i, 2 pis., pts. 137, 139, 15, — Lonnberg, E. A revision of the Linnean type specimens of scorpions and pedipalps in the zoolog- ical museum of the University at Upsala, 11. — Marshall, G. A. K. Spider versus wasp, 4-7. — Piersig, R. Hydrachnid forms from the heights of Tatra, 22, Jan. 10. — Pocock, R. I. Stridulation in some African spiders, figs., 47, — Simon, E. Arachnida collected in Terra del Fuego by M. Carlos Backhausen (2nd memoir), 6O. — T rouessart, E. Mode of topographic distribution of the Entomostraca and marine Acarina on the coasts of France and description of Acaromantis squilla Trt. Memoires, Societe Nationale des Sciences naturelles et mathema- tiques de Cherburg xxx, '96-'97.
Myriapoda.— Sil vestri, F. Chilopods and Diplopocls from the voyage of Dr. E. Festa to Ecuador and neighboring regions, i pi., Bolle- tino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia comparata, R. Universita di Torino, No. 305, Oct. 18, '97.
Apterygota. — Heymons, R. Formation and structure of the
1898.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 77
alimentary canal of lower insects, 59, No. 7. — L ie-Pettersen, O. J. Norwegian Collembola, 2 pis. Bergens Museums Aarborg for 1396, 1897.
Orthoptera. — Pordas, L. The digestive apparatus of the Orthop- tera — morphological, histological and physiological studies of this organ, and its importance for the classification of the Orthoptera. Annales des Sciences Naturelles-Zoologie (S), v, 1-3. Paris, Oct., '97-Jan , '98.— Dominique, J. Orthopterological notes: On the development of the wings in the genus Nemobius, Parthenogenesis and parasitism in Bacillus gallicus. Bulletin, Socie'te' des Sciences Naturelles de 1'Ouest de la France, vii, 3. Nantes, Sept. 30, '97. — Giardina, A. First embry- onic stages of Mantis religiosa, Monitore Zoologico Italiano viii, 12. Florence, Dec., '97. — Hancock, J. L. The food-habits of the Tettig- *dae, Entomologist's Record, London, Jan. 15, '98. — Kulwiec, C. v. The skin glands of Orthoptera and Hemiptera-Heteroptera, figs., 2-J, Jan. 24. — Rodzianko, W. See Diptera. — deSaus-sure, H. and Pictet, A. Orthoptera,* pp. 305-320 pt. 137; 329-345, pi- xvi, pt. 139, 15. — S c u d d e r , S. H. The Acridian subfamily Mastacinae in the United States, 5.
Xeuroptera. — L. H. East Prussian ant-lions, 4O, Feb. i.
Hemiptera. — Baker, C. F. Four new species of Phlepsius* 4. —Berg, C. Contribution to the study of the Hemiptera of Tierra del Fuego, GO. — Bergroth, E. A new Tingid ; New or little known American Aradidse;* On some American Capsidae, 158, xvii, i. — C h a m - pion, G. C. Rhynchota Heteroptera vol. ii, pp. 1-32, pis. i, ii,* 15, pt. 139. — C h ol o d ko vs k y , N. On root-lice, figs. [In Russian], 19. —Fowler, W. W. Rhynchota Homoptera, vol. ii, pi. xii, 15, pt. 137. — Mordwilko, A. On the biology and morphology of the plant-lice [In Russian], 19.— Osborn, H. and Ball, E D. Studies of North American Jassoidea,* 6 pis. Proceedings Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, vii. Davenport, Iowa, Jan., '98. — Tins ley, J. D. An ants' nest Coccid from New Mexico,* fig., 4.
Coleoptera. — B 1 a c k b u r n , T. Revision of the genus Paropsis, ii. Proceedings, Linnean Society of New South Wales, '97, pt. i, Sydney, Sept. 17, '97. — Blandford, VV. F. H. Coleoptera, vol. iv, pt. 6, pp. 153-168, pi. vi, pt. 137, pp. 177-184,* pt. 139, 15.— Faust, J. Revision of the genus Episomus Schonherr, 19. — G r o u v e 1 1 e , A. Note on the Pelanomus pubescens Blanch, and simplex' Berg, and description of some new Dryopidae and Helmidae, <>O. — Hopkins. A. D. On the history and habits of the "wood engraver" ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus ,vylo- graphus (Say), A', saxeseni (Ratz.)— with brief descriptions of different stages, 2 pis., 4. — Luja, E. Cetonia aurata in ants' nests, OI5.— Reitter, E. The species of the coleopterous genus Notiophilus Du- meril of European and neighboring lands, 41, Dec., '97 ; Review of the known species of the coleopterous genus Scleropatnini Seidl. of the pakearctic fauna, 38, xvii, i. — \Y i c k h a m , H. F. The Coleoptera of Canada: xxviii. The Cerambycidoc of Ontario and Quebec, figs., 4.
78 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. '[March,
Diptera. — D a h 1 , F. Puliciphora, a new flea-like genus of Diptera (transl. from Zool. Anz.), 11.— Mik, J. On gall-flies, i pi., 38, xvi, 10. — R o d z i a n k o , \V. On the parasitism of the larvae of Roeselia a>i- tiqua Meigen in the interior of the larvae of For fie u I a fuinis Kolenati. [In Russian] 19. — van der W u 1 p , F. M. Diptera, vol. ii, pp. 345- 360, pt. 137; pp. 369-376-* Pt- J39. 15.
Lepitloptera.— Berg , C. Description of three new Lepidoptera in the collection of the Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires, 3 figs.; On the geographical distribution of Ophioderes matema L.; Lepidopttrological communications on twenty-five South American Rhopaloctra, GO.— Butler, A. G. A revision of the Pierine butterflies of the genus Terias from the old world, 11.— Da vid so n , et al. [Extract]. Butterfly life in the tropics of India, 5. — Druce, H. Lepidoptera Heterocera, vol. ii, pp. 409-416, pis. Ixxix, Ixxx, pt. 137, pp. 425-440, pis. Ixxxiii, Ixxxiv. pt. 139, 15. — Dyar, H. G. The larvae of the Australian Eucleidce (An- nual address of the retiring president of the Cambridge Entomological Club, 14 Jan'y, '98), 5. — Godman, F. D. and Salvin, O. Lepid- optera Rhopalocera,* vol. ii, pp. 441-448, 15, pt. 137. — Grote, A. R. The classification of the day butterflies — i, i pi., 61. — Hanham, A. W. Notes on collecting "at light," 4. —